句型转换 <br /> 每年的中考试卷中,“句型转换”题所占分值较大,是为了全面考查学生在初中阶段所学的词汇(同义或反义)、短语、句型和语法等方面的知识及其它的之间的灵活运用能力。 <br /> <br /> Ⅰ.题型介绍 <br /> <br /> 所谓“句型转换”就是先给一个完整的句子A,再根据括号内的要求(有时没有明确,须自己观察),在第二个句子B的空白处填上适当的词来完成的句型转换。 <br /> <br /> Ⅱ.题型分类 <br /> <br /> 从形式上看,有如下几种形式:①某一词或词组的转换;②词组与句子的转换;③同义句型的转换;④为纠正常犯语言错误而设计的题目。 <br />从内容上看,此题型涉及的面较广,主要有:①句子功能方面的转换。包括陈述句(肯定与否定)、四种题疑问句、祈使句、感叹句的转换;②句子结构方面的转换。即简单句、复合句、并列句之间的转换;③语态的转换。即主动语态与被动语态之间的转换;④常用句型与词汇手段的转换。 <br /> <br /> Ⅲ.具体分类如下 <br /> <br /> 一、陈述句与疑问句、祈使句、感叹句间的转换 <br /> <br /> 1、陈述句中肯定句变为否定句,大部分是用not来改变谓语结构,但也有借用否定意义的词,如nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few, never, hardly等,例如:: <br /> <br /> A:Tom does well in maths. <br /> B:Tom doesn’t do in maths. <br /> <br /> <br /> A:He has much to do. <br /> B:He has nothing to do. <br /> <br /> A:All of my classmates like art. <br /> B:None of my classmates likes art. <br /> <br /> 2、改为疑问句。根据上下句的结构和词的减少,来判断变为哪一种形式的疑问句。例如: <br /> <br /> A:My brother often has breakfast at school. <br /> B: Does your brother often have breakfast at school? <br /> <br /> A:Tom’s already weak in English. <br /> B:Tom’s already weak in English, isn’t he ? <br /> <br /> A:The red light changes every two minutes. <br /> B:How often does the red light change? <br /> <br /> 3、改为感叹句。根据所给的句子结构和单词的词性,来确定使用哪一种感叹句的形式,例如: <br /> <br /> A:This is an interesting book. <br /> B:What an interesting book this is! <br /> 或 How interesting this book is! <br /> <br /> 二、同义句转换。 <br /> <br /> 根据上句,写出一个意思相同(或相近)的下句,此类形式繁多,内容复杂,涉及面广,归类如下: <br /> <br /> <br /> 1、同义词或词组之间的转换。(通常上下句时态保持一致)。 <br /> <br /> 常见的同义词或词组有:(1)四个“花费”(spend—take—cost—take);(2)三个“到达”(get to—reach—arrive in/at);(3)四个“收到…来信”(hear from—get a letter from—receive a letter from—have a letter from);(4)两个“擅长于…”(be good at —do well in);(5)两个“有空”(be free—have time);(6)三个“入睡”(go to sleep—get to sleep—fall asleep);(7)两个“玩得开心”(enjoy oneself—have a good time);(8)“给…打电话”(call sb—telephone sb—ring sb. a call—make a telephone to sb.)(9)“飞往…”(fly to…—go to…by air/plane)(10)“自学”(teach oneself—learn…by oneself)(11)在…方面帮助help…with…—help… (to)do…(12)在…差be weak in…—do badly in…(13)能/会…can—be able to(14)更喜欢…like…better than…—prefer…to…(15)充满了…be full of…—be filled with…(16)放弃干…give up doing…—stop doing…(17)不再… no longer—not …any longer(18)照顾/保管 take care of…—look after(19)展览 on show—on display(20)阻止…干…stop…from doing—keep/prevent…from doing…(21)由于 thanks t...