高考英语二轮专题复习语法冠词名词代词形容词副词介词汇总讲解及练习资料

冠词 <br />1.不用冠词的情况 <br />（1）专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。 <br />China , America, Smith <br />（2）季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。 <br />March, May Day, National Day, Children’s Day, Women’s Day <br />Have you had supper? <br />Spring is the best season of the year. <br />（3）称呼语及表示头衔职务的名词作宾语、补语及同位语时，一般不加冠词。 <br />What’s this, Father? We made him our chairman. <br />Professor Li. <br />（4）学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。 <br />Do you study physics? <br />He likes playing football/chess. <br />（5）复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。 <br />They are peasants/ workers. <br />（6）在与 by 连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。 <br />by car, by bus,by bike, by train, by air/ water/ land <br />但：take a bus, come in a boat, on the train/ bus 需注意。 <br />（7）某些固定词组中不用冠词。 <br />①名词词组中： <br />husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night, knife and fork <br />②介词词组中： <br />to(at, from) school, in (to)class, in (to,at, from)university（college）,to（in, into, from） <br />church, to(in,into, out of)prison(hospital, bed), to(at, from, out of)work, to(in, from) town,at <br />(from)home, to(at)sea, at night(noon, midnight), by car (bus, bicycle, plane), on foot <br />注意：在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同。 <br />in hospital 住院（因病） <br /> <br />in the hospital 在医院（工作、参观等） <br /> <br />in front of 在前面，指某物体之外 <br />in the front of 在前部，指某物之内 <br />2.定冠词的使用情况 <br />①特指或第二次提到。 <br />②序数词前、最高级前、独一无二的东西前。 <br />③用于表示发明物的单数名词前或某些专有名词前。 <br />④ the+形容词表示一类人 <br />the rich, the poor, the young 富人，穷人，年轻人 <br />⑤the+姓氏复数表示 这一家人 <br />the Smiths/the Whites（表示一家人或夫妇俩） <br />⑥用在表示计量的名词前，如 by the hour，by the day，by the dozen，by the yard 等， <br />但是如表示单位的名词为不可数名词，之前不用冠词，如 by weight/height 等。 <br />He was paid by the hour/week/month. <br />⑦用在表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前。 <br /> in the 1990s <br />3.不定冠词常用的几种情况 <br />（1）表示&ldquo;一&rdquo;相当于&ldquo;one&rdquo;。I’ll return in a day or two. <br />（2）表示&ldquo;每&rdquo;相当于&ldquo;per&rdquo;。We have three meals a day. <br />（3）表示&ldquo;同一性&rdquo;相当于&ldquo;the same&rdquo;。The children are of an age. <br />（4）表示类指，表示&ldquo;某类&rdquo;。He wants to he a doctor. <br />（5）表示泛指，相当于&ldquo;any&rdquo;。A horse is a useful animal. <br />（6）表示某一个，相当于&ldquo;a certain&rdquo;。A Mr. Smith is asking to see you. <br />（7）与抽象名词连用，可以表示&ldquo;一场、一次、一件&rdquo;，如：a pleasure 一件乐事，a surprise <br />一件令人惊讶的事，a joy 一件高兴的事，a pity 一件遗憾的事，an honour 一个（件）经以 <br />为荣的人(事)。 <br />4.冠词表类别 <br />（1）定冠词 + 单数可数名词，表示一个，代表一类。 <br />The computer was invented in 1945. <br />The TV set was invented by Joan Baird. <br />The horse is a useful animal. <br />（2）不定冠词 + 单数可数名词（表示任意一个，某一个）。 <br />A pen is a tool for writing. <br />A square has four sides. <br />A horse is a useful animal. <br />（3）可数名词或不可数名词，指类别（考虑到同类中的各个情况）。 <br />Horses are useful animals. <br />Rice is a kind of food. <br />选择填空 <br />1. Most animals have little connection with_______animals of_________different kind <br />unless they ...