第二讲句群精读,活用方法,稳抓保分题目 <br />通过第一步的通览文章,明白了文章大意、内容梗概后,接下来便是精读文章,做题的 <br />过程。完形填空 80%以上的题目都是基础题目,也就是上文提到的句内、句组层次题。对于 <br />这些题目,使用“题文齐读法”在文章的通读环节可预判解答一部分,但这些题目最终答案 <br />的确定则需要精读文章,做到解题有理有据、有法可依。 <br />句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内,在读懂文意的前提下,利用本句的一些解题信息 <br />就可直接做答。对于此类题目,考生可以边读边填,将原文信息尽量复原。 <br />方法 1 利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题 <br />完形填空中经常会考查一些习惯搭配、固定结构和固定句式,这时考生就需要运用习惯 <br />搭配及固定结构来解题。 <br />[典例] (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)I was 43.thrilled! I arrived early at Byron Bay where <br />we were supposed to 44.meet. The bay was __45__ in sunshine, and there was a group <br />of kayakers around 150m off the shore. <br />45.A.bathed B.clean <br />C.deep D.formed <br />[分析] 选 A 本题可以利用习惯搭配解题。此处意为“海湾沐浴在阳光中”,be bathed <br />in 为固定搭配,表示“沐浴在……中”。 <br />方法 2 利用生活常识和文化背景解题 <br />完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生 <br />在做题时,若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识,巧妙地加以运用,特别是 <br />注意中西文化的差异,将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,从而轻松地 <br />做出正确判断。 <br />[典例] (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Getting a little 46.closer,_I realized one kayak (皮 <br />划艇) was in 47.trouble. “Something's not 48.right!” I took off my Tshirt and <br />__49__ into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying <br />across the middle. He was 50.shaking violently. Linking arms with one of the <br />instructors, I helped __51__ the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and <br />as I looked at his face, something 52.occurred to me. Those brown eyes were very <br />53.familiar. “What's his name?” I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and <br />immediately I 54.knew. That stranger was my son! <br />49.A.stared B.sank <br />C.dived D.fell <br />51.A.lead B.persuade <br />C.carry D.keep <br />[分析] 49.选 C 51.选 C 这两道题可以利用生活常识和文化背景解题。根据生活常 <br />识,第 49 题我注意到一个皮划艇出了意外情况,我自然是脱掉 T 恤衫,“跳进”水里救人, <br />dive 意为“跳水”;第 51 题作者和一位教练双臂连接,两个人一起应该是将这个不省人事 <br />的年轻人“抬”出了水面,用 carry 表示“抬”。 <br />方法 3 利用对应成分分析法解题 <br />完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系,它使句子的各 <br />个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知 <br />成分,将它作为线索,通过它推断出未知填空的答案。 <br />[典例] (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Teresa 56.posted a photo of the chance meeting on a <br />social networking website 57.accompanied by the touching words:“What a 58.blessing <br />this young man was to our family! He was so __59__ and kind to do this.” <br />59.A.smart B.calm <br />C.sweet D.fair <br />[分析] 选 C 本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。 <br />从上述分析可以看出,第 59 题与 kind 形成对应关系。因为有 and 这一并列连词,并且 <br />and 前后意思应该一致,表示“他做这件事真是太友好和善良了”。故选 C。 <br />方法 4 利用逻辑关系解题 <br />此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案,主要应用于 <br />完形填空的两类题型:一是考查...