高考英语二轮复习虚拟语气在短文语法填空中考查指导学案

2018 届二轮复习 虚拟语气在短文语法填空中考查指导 <br />一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用 <br />[自主练悟] <br />单句语法填空/单句改错 <br />①(2017&middot;北京高考改编)If the new safety system had_been_put (put) <br />to use, the accident would never have happened. <br />②(2017&middot;天津高考改编)&mdash;Do you have Betty’s phone number? <br />&mdash;Yes.Otherwise, I wouldn’t_have_been (not be) able to reach her <br />yesterday. <br />③(2017&middot;银川一中二模)If you had planted it in a good place, at <br />least someone would_have_enjoyed (enjoy) the fruit. <br />④(2015&middot; 四 川 高 考 )If you are me, would you talk to them ？ <br />are→were <br />[谨记规律] <br />虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用 <br />类别 从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词 <br />与现在事实相 <br />反 <br />过去式(be 用 <br />were) <br />should/would/could/ might＋动词原 <br />形 <br />与过去事实相 <br />反 <br />had＋过去分词 <br />should/would/could/ might ＋have ＋ <br />过去分词 <br />过去式(be 用 <br />were) <br />should＋动词原 <br />形 <br />与将来事实相 <br />反 <br />were to＋动词原 <br />形 <br />should/would/could/ might ＋动词原 <br />形 <br />混合条件句 <br />有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这 <br />时动词的形式应根据它们各自表示的时间加以调整。 <br />含蓄条件句 <br />有时假设的情况不以条件从句表达，而是用 but for, <br />without 等介词(短语)表示条件。 <br />错综虚实句 <br />①用连词otherwise, or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反， <br />从而引出后文的虚拟语气。 <br />②虚拟条件通过 but 暗示出来，模式为&ldquo;虚拟情况＋but＋ <br />真实情况&rdquo;。 <br />二、虚拟语气在其他从句中的应用 <br />[自主练悟] <br />单句语法填空/单句改错 <br />①(2015&middot; 天津高考改编)I wish I had_been_ (be) at my sister’s <br />wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. <br />②(2014&middot;陕西高考改编)We would rather our daughter stayed (stay) <br />at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer. <br />③(2017&middot;潍坊中学模拟)It is time I did/should_do (do) something in <br />return for their love. <br />④(2017&middot; 肇庆市模拟)He was still running with a smile on his face, <br />as if nothing_had_happened (happen)． <br />⑤(2017&middot; 银 川 一 中 二 模 )I suggest that our school must take <br />measures to encourage more students to take part in sports.must→should <br />或去掉 must <br />[谨记规律] <br />虚拟语气在其他从句中的应用 <br />1．wish 后面的宾语从句： <br />(1)表示与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时； <br />(2)表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时； <br />(3)表示与将来事实相反，从句用 would/could＋动词原形。 <br />2．would rather 后面的宾语从句： <br />(1)表示与现在或将来事实相反时从句用一般过去时； <br />(2)表示与过去事实相反时从句用过去完成时。 <br />3．表示主张、命令、建议、要求等词后的宾语从句和同位语从 <br />句常用&ldquo;should＋动词原形&rdquo;结构，should 可省略。 <br />4．定语从句： <br />It’s (high/about) time (that) ...句型中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去 <br />时或 should＋动词原形(其中 should 不可省略)，意为&ldquo;确实到了&hellip;&hellip; <br />的时候了&rdquo;。 <br />5．as if 引导的状语从句中： <br />(1)表示与现在事实相反用一般过去时； <br />(2)表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。 <br />[题组练通] <br />Ⅰ.单句语法填空/单句改错 <br />1 ．I should not have laughed if I had_thought (think) you were <br />serious. <br />2 ．I would have_gone (go) to my cousin’s birthday party last night, <br />but I was not available. <br />3 ．We often hear that children wish they were (be) grown­ups, and <br />that old people wish to be young. <br />4 ．The teacher demanded that the homework (should)_be_finished <br />(finish) by ...