高中英语人教新课标版选修8：Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 全单元教案

Unit3InventorsandinventionsⅠ.单元教学目标技能目标SkillGoals▲Talkaboutinventorsandinventions▲Learnaboutthestagesusedinscientificresearch▲Learntousethepastparticipleastheattribute▲Writeanentryforanencyclopediaaboutsomeinventions▲WritealetteraskingforajobⅡ.目标语言功能句式MakeatelephonecallHoldtheline,please.Hangon,please.Justamoment,please.I’msorry,butthisphoneisoutoforder.Ican’tgetthrough.Sorry.He/Sheisn’thim/herrightnow.CanIringbacklater?I’llringhim/herupagain.Imustringoffnowbecause...词汇1．四会词汇patent,courtyard,walnut,distinguish,merciful,product,powder,perfume,stainless,cube,abrupt,convenient,caution,expectation,passive,merry,seize,criterion,valid,file,ripe,string,glue,freezing,greengrocer,identification,directory,dial,rainfall,innocent,lantern,bear,jam,forehead,dynamic,dot,tap,wire,straw,current,helicopter,triangle,stable,associate,practical,refrigerator,court,extension,version,competence,jeep,personnel2．认读词汇amphibious,Stephenson,GeorgeStephenson,jelly,freezer,overnight,release,recognition,claim,rod,precede,AlexanderGrahamBell,microphone,occasionally,multiple,Morsecode,inspiration,reproduce,tetrahedron,invaluable,JamesDyson3．词组callup,nowandthen,setabout,incase,beatentrack,diveinto,setout(todo),hangon,getthrough,ringback,ringoff4．重点词汇discovery,convenient,distinguish,application,expectation,importance,practical,bear结构Appositiveclause—that可引导同位语从句重点句1.ThefirstthingIdidwastoseeiftherewereanyproductsthatmighthelpme,butthereonlyseemedtobepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes.P202.Betweentheoutsideandtheinsidewallsofthebowlthereissomejelly,whichfreezeswhencooled.P20,子3.Thecriteriaaresostrictthatitisdifficulttogetnewideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.P214.Norwillyoureceiveapatentuntilasearchhasbeenmadetofindoutthatyourproductreallyisdifferentfromeverybodyelse’s.P215.Hefoundthatbypressinghislipsagainsthismother’sforehead,hecouldmakehismotherunderstandwhathewassaying.P256.Hedesignedamachinethatwouldseparatedifferentsoundwavesandallowdifferentconversationstobeheldatthesametime.P257.Althoughheismostoftenassociatedwiththeinventionofthetelephone,hewasindeedacontinuingsearcherafterpracticalsolutionstoimprovethequalityofeverybody’slife.P26Ⅲ.教材分析和教材重组1.教材分析本单元以Inventorsandinventions为话题，旨在通过单元教学，使学生了解发明和发现的区别，了解发明创造的过程和获得专利的条件，学习发明家的成功事例；能灵活运用基础句型描述中外古代和现代发明，谈论不同发明的优缺点及其现实意义；根据不同问题及条件设计、改进发明并阐述自己的观点；能写一封有创新的求职申请，阐述自己的特长和优势，能对别人的发明、创造或观点提出意见或建议；并能运用所学知识利用现实生活中有限材料进行发明创造。1.1WarmingUp提供了三幅不同发明或发现的图片，让学生运用已有的知识和经验，区分发明和发现的不同含义；并能与同伴合作描述现代发明在现实生活中的作用。1.2Pre-reading要求学生将课本所列关于进行科学研究或发明创造所必须经历的几个阶段（步骤或过程）进行正确的排序。了解每一项发明在得到社会承认前都必须经历一个过程。1.3Reading是一篇记叙性的文章。作者在文中详细介绍了从发现问题（snaketrouble）、分析问题（productsthatmighthelp）到解决问题（removethesnakes）的全过程，并介绍了专利申请方面的一些知识。1.4Comprehending第一个训练题要求学生根据课文内容回答问题；第三个训练题要求学生运用科学步骤设计一项发明解决课本所提供的三个问题，并与同学交流观点。1.5LearningaboutLanguage分两部分。第一部分要求学生利用填空、改写句子的方式复习所学词汇及表达法。第二部分重点练习过去分词作定语的用法。1.6UsingLanguage分成四部分。第一部分Reading要求学生阅读一篇介绍发明家AlexanderGrahamBell的文章并回答有关问题，了解电话发明者贝尔的发明及其成功的原因。第二部分Listeningandspeaking是一段关于ZhouRui对一家发明公司的工程师进行电话采访的听力材料。要求学生掌握电话交谈常用表达；并在此基础上进行角色扮演活动，即求职者与公司考核人员之间的电话交谈。第三部分Writing要求学生写一封求职信，列举自己的优势、特长和工作经历向这家发明公司提出求职申请。2．教材重组2.1从话题内容及训练目的分析，WarmingUp与Speaking和Workbook中的TALKING相一致，可将这三部分整合在一起，设计成一节任务型“口语课”。2.2将Listeningandspeaking和Workbook中的LISTENING,LISTENINGTASK整合在一起，设计成一节“听力课”。2.3可将Pre-reading,Reading和Comprehending三个活动整合在一起上一节“阅读课（一）”。2.4可将LearningaboutLanguage与Workbook中的USINGWORDSANDEXPRESSIONS,USINGSTRUCTURES整合在一起，上一节“语法课”。2.5可将UsingLanguage中Reading和Workbook中READINGTASK整合起来，上一节“阅读课（二）”。,2.6将UsingLanguage中的Writing和Workbook中的WRITINGTASK整合为一节“写作课”。3.课型设计与课时分配1stperiodSpeaking2ndperiodListening3rdperiodReading(Ⅰ)4thperiodGrammar5thperiodReading(Ⅱ)6thperiodWritingⅣ.分课时教案TheFirstPeriodSpeakingTeachinggoals教学目标1.Targetlanguage目标语言重点词汇和短语discovery,application,evaluate,presentation,alternative,messenger,gettogether,makeacasefor,addup2.Abilitygoals能力目标Enablethestudentstotalkaboutinventionsanddiscoveries.3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标Helpthestudentslearnhowtotalkaboutinventionsanddiscoveries.Teachingimportant&difficultpoints教学重难点Howtotalkaboutinventionsanddiscoveries.Teachingmethods教学方法Discussion.Teachingaids教具准备Acomputerandaprojector.Teachingprocedures&ways教学过程与方式StepⅠWarmingupTalkaboutinventionsanddiscoveries.T:Theimportanceofinventionstosocialprogresscanneverbechanged.Eachinventioncarriestheworldastepforwardandprovidesstimulationforlaterones.Withinventionsturningupallthetime,ourworldisalwaystakingonanewlook.Butdoyouknowwhataninventionis?S1:Thecreationofsomethingnew.S2:Acreation(anewdeviceorprocess)resultingfromstudyandexperimentation.S3:Thecreationofnewthings.…Askthestudentstotalkaboutthepictureswiththeteacher’shelp,andthendiscussthefirsttwoquestions.T:Andwhatisadiscovery?What’sthedifferencebetweenadiscoveryandaninvention?Nowlookatthepicturesonpage1.Workinpairsandtalkaboutthethreedifferentthings,tellingthemapartandgivingreasons.Showthefollowing.1.Whichofthesepicturesshowinventions?Doesanyofthemshowdiscoveries?,2.Workouttworulesthatwillhelpyoudecidewhatisadiscoveryandwhatisaninvention?S1:Ithinkthefirsttwoareinventions,i.e.theamphibiouscarandStevenson’s“Rocket”whilethelastpictureabouttheDNAisakindofdiscovery.Becausethefirsttwoproductswerequitenewtopeopleatthattimeandnoonehadeverseenordesignedsuchkindofvehiclesbeforethoughsomeothershadmadesimilarcarsormachineswhichhadlessfunctionsandadvantagesasthesetwo.IthinkthepictureabouttheDNAisakindofscientificdiscoveryinbiologybecausesuchcellsandtheirstructuredoexistinlivingcreaturesandtheyhavebeenfoundoutbyacertainscientistandaremadeknowntothepublicnowadays.SoIthinkadiscoveryissomethingexistingbeforebutunknownwhileaninventionissomethingunknownandnotexistingbefore. S2:Ithinkthefirsttwopicturesshowusgreathumaninventionsaboutthetransportationbecausetheywereinventedbypeopleforcertainpurposesandtheyhadspecialadvantagesandcouldsatisfypeople’sneedsinsomeways.OntheotherhandthethirdpictureshowingtheformationofDNAisakindofdiscoverybecausethesespecialcellsexistandfunctioninthebodyoflifeallthetimenomatterwhodiscoversitorwhenandwhereitisdiscovered.Inmyopinionadiscoveryissomethingfoundoutorbroughttoviewnowbutitwasunknownbeforewhileaninventionissomethingcreatedordesignedbypeople,whichiscompletelynewnotonlynowbutinthepast.…T:Well,fromthesepictureswecanseethatthereliesdifferencesbetweenadiscoveryandaninvention.Therearecertainrulesorquestionsyoushouldpayattentiontowhiledistinguishingthem.Diditexistinthepast?Isitcreatedordevelopedbypeople?Aninventionissomethingthatiscreatedbyahumanbeing,suchasthelightningrod.Tothecontrary,adiscoverymerelymakesknownsomethingthatalreadyexistedinnature,suchasthediscoveryontheNewContinentbyColumbia.OK.Let’sgoonwithsomeotherquestionsofthispart.Youmaytalkwithyourpartnerfirstbeforewehaveacheckfiveminuteslater.Showthefollowing.Whatmoderninventionsdoyouknow?Describethemtoyourpartnerandhowusefultheyareinlifetoday.S1:Adidas1isthethinkingshoeswithabuilt-inmicroprocessorthatdecideshowsoftorfirmthewearerneedsthesupport.IthasbeenchosenbyPopularSciencemagazineasthebestrecreationinventionof2004.Itisverycomfortabletowearitalldaywithoutworryingaboutyourtoesbeinghurtandyoucanadjusttheheightandstiffnessaccordingtoyourdemandswheneveryouwantandwhereveryougo.Thusitisaverypracticalchoiceforboththeyoungandtheoldwhenhavingexcitingsportsoutdoorsorrestingathomeduringholidays.S2:Cameraphoneshaveopenedupanewwaytocommunicate.Becausemanyofthemlooklikeregularcellphones,youcansnappicturesasdiscreetlyasanyspyand,withthepushofafewbuttons,popthemintoane-mailoruploadthemtotheWebinlessthanaminute.Nowiresorcomputerhookupsnecessary.Tobesure,mostcameraphonesenduptakingpicturesoffriends,family,babiesandpets.ButtheyhavealsobeenusedtosnappicturesofVIPsatprivateparties,copyrecipesfromcookbooksatbookstoresandevendocumentcrimesinprogress.Butwithanestimated80millioncameraphonessoldin2003,6millionintheU.S.alone—thecatmayalreadybeoutofthecamerabag.Likeitornot,thesecameraphoneshavebeenverypopularandwidelyusedbypeopleeventoday.S3:AkindofrobotheartcalledAbioCorwasinventedin2001.OnJuly2,2001,the,59-year-oldgrandfatherandretiredlibrarianRobertToolsbecamethefirsthumantogetone.It’sbeenlongsincetheoperation,andTools’newheartisstillbeating.Hecanwalkacityblockwithoutstoppingandhe’sevenmakingplansforthefuture.Thoughnoteverybodyneedsanewheart,hundredsofthousandseventuallymay.Norwillanartificialheartridtheworldofsicknessorpovertyorterror.Butsometimesitreallyhelps.T:Verygood!Iamgladtoseethatallofyouhaveknownsomanymoderninventionsbothathomeandabroadandyouhavethoughtalotaboutthem.It’scertainthatmoderndiscoveriesandinventionsdohavegreateffectsonpeople’slifeandcanalwaysrepresenttheadvancedscienceandtechnology,soyoushouldlearntodistinguishthemandmakegooduseofthem.StepⅡTalkingT:Supposeyouareworkingforamobilecompany.Itisyourjobtosuggestnewwaysofdevelopingamobile.Inpairsdiscusssomenewapplicationsofamobile.Makealistoftheonesyoulikeandthatseemthemostuseful.Chooseoneyoubothlikeandthinkwillbepopularwithotherpeople.Nowworkingroupsoffourtodiscussthequestion.S1:Isuggestthenewapplicationsofmobileshouldbe:portableentertainmentplayers,cameras,member-shipandloyaltycards,guidebooks,maps,tickets,watches,anddevicesforaccessingeverythingfromnewstocorporatedatabases.Amongthem,weliketheapplicationsofdevicesforaccessingeverythingfromnewstocorporatedatabases.Weboththinktheyareusefulandwillsoonbepopularwithothersinthenearfuturebecausetheabilitywillenableawholeclassofworkerstorelylessontheirmemoryandmoreontheircompany’sandevenworld’sknowledgemaintenance,sales,construction,transportation,taxicabdrivers,andmanyotherworkersspendagreatdealoftimefromoffices.Thus,whentheyneedinformation,theymusteitherhaveitintheirheadsorstopwhattheyaredoingandmakeaphonecall.S2:Ithinkthenewmobilescanbedevelopedbetterwith4Gtolistentotheradio,watchTV,playgames,doshopping,chatontheQQ,,surftheinternet,controltheelectricalequipmentathomeinthedistance,giveoffharmlessraysandbeusedascomputerswithspecialoperatingsystemswhichcandobusiness,havefunandworkasintelligentP4computers.Amongthem,welikethenewapplicationofsurfingtheinternetanddoingshoppingandweboththinktheyareusefulandwillsoonbepopularamongyoungstersbecauseitisveryconvenientforpeopletofindvarioususefulinformationwheneverandwhereverpossible.Astherearedifferentkindsofgoodstochoosefromonlineandit’sveryfunnyandexcitingtomakechoicesandbuywhatweneedatareasonablepricewithoutgoingoutandbargainwithsellersinthemarkets.…T:Verygood.Nowgettogetherwithanotherpairtodiscusswhetheryoursuggestionisagoodone.Makeacaseforyouridea.Lettheotherpairevaluateit.Thenswapsothatyouevaluatetheiridea.Decidewhichideayoulikebetterandpreparetoexplainit.Thenpresentittotheclass.S1:Ithinkthefirstclassmate’sexpectationthatthemobilephonescandosomuch,maybemorethantheycanoffer.Themobilephonesusuallyhavelimitedsizeandcapacity.SoIthinkitwilltaketimebeforethemobilesaredesignedtomeethisneeds.S2:Ithinkit’spracticalandmeaningfulforthesecondclassmatetodevelopthemobilesinthatway.Thoughithasbeenusedinsomewaysbutwecandobetterbecauseeverydaywehavemuchinformationtolookforanddifferenttypesofthingstodoandthesmartmobilecan,makeitmoreconvenientforustoachieveourgoalsinlife.…T:Now,I’dlikeyoutodiscussingroupsandtrytotelltheothersaboutyourideasandtheotherswhoactastheleadersofthecompanymayasksomequestionsforhimorhertoanswer.ThenI’dlikesomeofyoutoreportyourgroupwork.Fiveminuteslater.(L=Leaderofthecompany)S:Ithinkthenewmobilescanbedevelopedbetterwith4GtowatchTVanddoshoppingontheinternet.L1:Well,haveyouthoughtaboutthecostofthiskindofnewmobilewhichhasalargecapacityandsuchfunctions?S:Yes.I’llmakeagoodsurveyoftheinternationalelectronicmarketsinadvanceandtrytoreducethecostasmuchaspossible.L2:Areyousureofthesecuritymeasuresofusingthesemobiles,especiallywhentheyareusedtoshopontheinternet?S:Sure.I’llkeepthenewmobilesdesignedsoinorderthattheywillgivewarningmessageswheneverthereismisleadinginformationordishonestyinsellingandbuyingthingsontheinternet.L3:Ithinkitwouldbedifficultforthenewmobileoflimitedsizetobeusedtowatchlivebroadcastandpickoutallsortsofgoodsontheinternet.Haveyoutakentheseintoconsideration?S:Yes.Now,IcometorealizethatIhavetodesignthemobileswithlargerscreens,whichcanmakeitmoreconvenientandcomfortablefortheusers.Thankyou!T:Verygood!Icanseeallofyouhavedoneagoodjobinthepresentation.NextIwantyoutoevaluatetheideasusingthefollowingcriteria.First,doyouknowaboutthewords,suchasoriginalityandqualityargument?S:Yes,originalityjustmeansthequalityofbeingnewandinterestingandqualityargumentjustmeansdifferentopinionsaboutthequalityoftheproduct.T:Quiteright!Nowlet’slookatthecriteriaandgoonwiththenextstep.ShowthefollowingAftereachgrouphastakenpart,addupthescoresandawardthecontracttothewinner!T:Next,I’dliketodivideyouintofourteamsandtheleaderofthecompanywillwritedownthescoresaccordingtothecriteriawhilehelpingeveryonepresenttheideas.Atlastthewinnerwillbeawardedinclass.StepⅢSPEAKINGTASK(若时间不足，可改为作业)T:LeonardodaVinciwasnotonlyapainter,butatrueinventor.Nowlookatthepicturein1onpage68.I’dlikeyoutoworkinpairsanddiscusswhatthisinventionofLeonardodaVinciwas.Severalalternativeexplanationsareprovided,butonlyoneiscorrect.Bepreparedtogiveyourideastotheclasswithyourreasons.S:Ithinkit’sakindofwaterslidebecausewecanclearlyseethelongslidewayconnectingthewatertower,equipmentontheroofofthebuildingandthebaseontheground.Ifthereisalackofwaterdownontheground,theworkingmachinewillbeusedtocarrywaterfromthetowerabovetothegroundalongtheslideway.Justso,thisspeciallyfixedmachinecanalsocarrywateruptostoreinthetowerifthewateronthegroundismorethanneeded.This,kindofinventionisreallyusefulespeciallyinsomedryormountainousareas.T:Good!YouareverycreativeinthinkingabouttheuseofthemachineindifferentcasesandfromthiswecanseeLeonarddaVinciisreallyagreatinventor.Hecontributedtopeople’severydaylifebesidespaintingwonderfulpictures.Well,let’sgoonwithActivity2.Pleaselookatthepicturesandreadtheinstructionsbelow,discussingroupsandfinishtheexercises.Sampleanswers:Whatwasitspossibleuse?Why?WhenandwherediditappearinEurope?1.Itspossibleuseiscalculationbecauseitisusuallycalled“theChinesecomputer”byforeigners.Aboutthemiddleofthe15thinRussia2.Itspossibleuseistospreadthedevelopmentofculturebecauseitisusuallyusedtoprintpapersforpeopletoread.Aboutthelate15thinGermany3.Thesouthpointerwasusedtofindthemostharmoniouspositiontoplacenewbuildings.ItseemspossiblethatitdatesbacktotheQinDynasty.Itwasthefirstapplicationofmagnetisminpeople’slives.ThenavigationalcompassappearedinEuropeinthe12thor13thcenturies.ThisissimilartothetimewhenZhengHeuseditonhisvoyagestoAfrica.StepⅣProjectT:“Creativityisthesoulofanationandaninexhaustiblesourceofacountry’sprosperity.”ChineseformerPresidentJiangZeminsaidinthespeechdeliveredonNovember24tothescientificandtechnologicalcommunityintheScienceCityofNovosibirsk.Asayounggeneration,everyoneofusshouldbecreativeandinventiveinordertocontributemoretomakeourcountryricherandmorebeautiful.Now,pleaselookattheprojectexerciseonpage69.I’dlikeyoufirstreadtheintroductionsandthendiscussinpairsaboutthepicturesandsolutionstotheproblems.FinallyI’dlikesomeonetopresentyourwork.Onepossiblesolution:S:Inthiskindofsituation,Iwillhavetousethesticksandropestomakeafishingrodwiththenailsmadeinshapeofhooks.Iwillcutthepumpkinorthenutsonthetreesintohalvessoastomakeawatercontainer.AndasfortheshelterI’dusethepieceofclothcombinedwithsticks,ropesandnails.Iwillhavetoneedamagnifyingglassfoundontheislandtofocustheheatontheleavesandwoodsothattherewillbemuchsmokerisingfromthefirecausedbythestronglightandheatfromthesun.IfI’mnotluckyenoughtobesavedbysomeone,Iwouldhavetousetheropescutbytheknifetolinkthepiecesofwoodtogethersoastomakearaftasmeansofescape.T:Good!Youallhavegoodimaginationsandyouhaveknownmuchabouthowtodesignandmakeeffectiveinventionsespeciallyinemergency.IamveryproudofyouandI’msureyouwilldomoreresearchabouttheinventionsafterclassuntilyoumakethemperfect.StepⅤHomeworkAskthestudentstodothefollowing.1．SearchformoreinformationaboutmobilesontheInternet.,2．Prepareforthelisteningpartonpage26.TheSecondPeriodListeningTeachinggoals教学目标1.Targetlanguage目标语言a.词汇和短语refrigerator,court,version,hangon,outoforder,getthrough,ringback,ringoffb.重点句子Hangon,please.I’msorry,butthisphoneisoutoforder.Ican’tgetthrough.Imustringoffnowbecause...CanIringbacklater?2.Abilitygoals能力目标Enablethestudentstolistentothedescriptionofmobilephonesandmakeatelephoneinterview.3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标Helpthestudentslearnhowtolistentothedescriptionofmobilephonesandmakeatelephoneinterview.Teachingimportantpoints教学重点Listentothedescriptionofmobilephones.Teachingdifficultpoints教学难点Howtomakeatelephoneinterview.Teachingmethods教学方法Listeningandcooperativelearning.Teachingaids教具准备Arecorder.Teachingprocedures&ways教学过程与方式StepⅠRevisionandlead-inGreetthestudentsasusual.Talkabouttheapplicationsofmobiles.T:Telephoneisreallyagreatinventioninhumanhistory.Withit,wecantalkwithfriends,familiesorothersfarawayfromus.SupposeyouwanttoapplyforajobinJamesDyson’scompanyinEngland.Thequickestandcheapestwaymaybeatelephoneconversation.Soyouringuponeofhisengineerstoaskwhatkindofpersonheneeds.Nowworkinpairsandmakeatelephoneconversationwithyourpartner.Remembertoaskforasmuchinformationasyoucan.Ofcourse,wehavelearnedabouthowtomaketelephonecallsinEnglish-speakingcountries.Whocangivemesomeexamples?S:I’lltry.Whenmakingatelephonecall,weoftensay:Hello!Isthat...speaking?Yes,thisis...CanItakeamessage?Waitaminute,please,andsoon.T:Butthefollowingexpressionsmaybeofgreathelp.Beforelistening,pleasereadandlearnthembyheart.Showthefollowing.Holdtheline,please.Hangon,please.,Justamoment,please.I’msorry,butthisphoneisoutoforder.Ican’tgetthrough.I’llringhim/herupagain.Imustringoffnowbecause...T:Now,youmayworkwithyourpartneranddiscussaboutthequestionsandanswers.Asampledialogue:(S-student;E-engineer)S:Hello!IsthatJamesDyson’scompany?E:Yes,Who’sthat?S:ThisisLiPing.Isthatthepersonnelmanager?E:Justamoment,please.Sorry.Heisn’thererightnow.CanItakeamessage?S:No,thanks.MaybeI’llringhimagainsomeothertime.Bytheway,MayIaskyousomequestions?E:Sure,goahead.S:IwanttoapplyforajobinyourcompanyandIwanttoaskwhatkindofpersonyouneed.E:Well,asfarasIknow,weneedsomeskilledworkerswhoaregoodatmachineryandhaveagoodknowledgeofrepairingsomeelectricalequipmentusedathome,forexamplewashingmachine,refrigerator,electricfanandsoon.S:Arewegraduatesneededinsomedepartmentsinyourcompany?E:It’shardtosaynow.Maybeyouwillhavesomechancetoworkandlearninsomedepartment,butyouhavetowaitandsee.Ifyouarefree,youmaycallthepersonnelmanageratthreeo’clockthisafternoon.S:OK,Iwill.Bytheway,howmuchwillIgetifIcanworkasyourcolleague?E:Usuallytheaveragesalaryfornewcomersis$2,000permonth.Andyoumaygetariseifyouprogresswellorhavesomeinventioninyourwork.S:Well,Iknow.ImustringoffnowbecauseIhavetogobackhomeforlunch.Thanksalot.Bye!E:Goodbyeandgoodluck!T:Nextpleaseswaprolesandansweryourpartner’squestions.RememberyoumustbehaveasifyouareamemberofDyson’scompanyandanswerthequestionshonestly.StepⅡListeningandspeakingT:ZhouRuihasdecidedtodoaprojectonalivingBritishinventorcalledJamesDyson.SohetelephonedDyson’scompanyinEnglandtointerviewoneofitsengineersaboutthegreatman’sideas.Nowlistentotheconversationbetweenthemandfinishtheexercisesonpage26.Beforethat,pleaselookthroughtheintroductionsfirst.Askthestudentstofinishtheexercisesafterlisteningandthenchecktheanswerswiththem.T:Whilelistening,you’dbettermakenotesofthelisteningpointslikethis:Showthefollowing.Theobjectofhisinvention:Theproblemofhisinvention:Theimprovementofhisinvention:StepⅢLISTENING(Workbook)T:MillionsofpeopleinChinaandaroundtheworldusecellularphones.Theyaresuchgreat,inventions—withacellphone,youcantalktoanyoneontheplanetfromjustaboutanywhere!Thesedays,cellphonesprovideanunbelievablearrayoffunctions,andnewonesarebeingaddedatabreakneckpace.Nowlookatthepicturesandquestionsonpage62.Workinpairsandhaveadiscussionaboutthethreequestions.Sampleanswers:S1:Amobilephonecannowbeusedtoreceivephonecalls,sendandreceivemessages,listentomusic,watchvideos,surftheinternetandsoon.Ifinditveryusefultousethemobilephonestomaketelephonecallsandsendandreceivemessagesbecauseweshouldalwaysbeinformedandit’simportantandnecessarytocommunicatewitheachotherinmodernsociety.IalsoexpectamobilephonetoshowpicturesofthepersonIcallsothatwecanseeclearlywhetherwearecallingtherightpersonandIhopeonedaywecanuseittohavemeetingswithpeopleinthedistance,andseefilmsandshowDVDinpublic.S2:Nowadaysmobilephonescanbeusedtodocalculations,recordpicturesinlife,playgames,chatonline,settimelimit,wakeuppeople,findoutvariousinformationonlineandsoon.Ifindtheyareveryusefulbecausewecanenjoyourselveswhenweusethemtoplaygamesandchatonlineandtalkwithfriendsaboutdifferentsubjects.IexpectmobilephonescanbeusedonedaytowatchTV,cookmeals,pickupforeignlanguages,dohomeworkandtakeexamsforme.ThenI’llbefreefromdifferentkindsofworriesandcomplaintsandliveamorecomfortableandconvenientlifeinthefuture.T:Good!Youhaveknownmuchaboutmobilephonesandwe’lllistentosomeotherfunctionsofthem,whichyoumightfeelmoreinterestedin.Now,listenanddoPart2andthenanswerthequestionsinPart3.Whilelistening,pleasemakenotesasfollows.OK?Showthefollowing.ThemobileMarywillbuy:Theextraapplicationsofmobiles:Theextraapplicationofthe3-Gmobiles:ThereasonwhyMaryisworried:Theadvantagesofthe3-Gmobiles:Whatmightgowrong?Thenchecktheanswerswiththestudents.StepⅣLISTENINGTASK(Workbook)DealwiththeLISTENINGTASKonpage67.T:Firstlookatthethreepicturesonpage67anddiscusswhatinventionstheymightbe.Anyopinions?S:Itlooksasifitisakindofmachinemovingonwheelsanditcanmoveveryfastdrivenbyacertainkindofforce.T:It’sanotherinventionbyLeonardodaVinci.Now,listentothetapeanddecideifyouagreewiththepeopleonthetape.Whatdoyouthinkitwas?Fillinthechartbelowwiththeideasofthetwogirlsandmakeyourownsuggestions.Nowpleaselistentothetapeandfillinthechartonpage67.Makesomenoteswhilelisteningasfollows.Showthefollowing.Listeningpoints:Thegirls’suggestions:Reasonsfor:Reasonsagainst:,Mysuggestion:Thenchecktheanswers.StepⅤHomeworkT:Boysandgirls,todaywehavelistenedtosomematerialsaboutdifferentinventionsandtheirfunctionsandapplications.Idohopeyoucanlistentothematerialsagainafterclasssothatyoucangetveryfamiliarwiththem.Besides,pleasefinishtheUSINGWORDSANDEXPRESSIONSonpages63-64andthenpreviewtheReading.Herearetwoquestionsforyou.1.Whatistheproblemtalkedaboutinthetext?2.Howdidthewritersolvetheproblem?Listsomeofthesteps.TheThirdPeriodReading(Ⅰ)Teachinggoals教学目标1.Targetlanguage目标语言a.重点词汇和短语patent,distinguish,product,power,perfume,cube,abrupt,abruptly,convenient,expectation,monitor,passive,criterion,valid,application,file,rod,callup,nowandthen,setabout,incaseb.重点句子1.ThefirstthingIdidwastoseeiftherewereanyproductsthatmighthelpme,butthereonlyseemedtobepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes.2.Betweentheoutsideandtheinsidewallsofthebowlthereissomejelly,whichfreezeswhencooled.3.Thecriteriaaresostrictthatitisdifficulttogetnewideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.4.Norwillyoureceiveapatentuntilasearchhasbeenmadetofindoutthatyourproductreallyisdifferentfromeverybodyelse’s.2.Abilitygoals能力目标Enablethestudentstodescribetheproblemofthesnakesandwhathasbeendonebythewritertosolvetheproblem.Makethemrealizeittakesstepstocatchthesnakesandit’snoteasytogetapatent.3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标Helpthestudentstolearnhowtoretellthestoryandhowtomeettherequirementsofgettingapatent.Teachingimportantpoints教学重点Howtodescribetheproblemofthesnakesandwhathasbeendonebythewritertosolvetheproblem.Teachingdifficultpoints教学难点Learnhowtomeettherequirementsofgettingapatent.Teachingmethods教学方法Task-basedactivities.Teachingaids教具准备Arecorder,aprojectorandsomeslides.Teachingprocedures&ways教学过程与方式StepⅠRevision1.Greetings,2.ChecktheanswerstothemultiplechoicesinUSINGWORDSANDEXPRESSIONS.3.Asksomestudentstoshowtheanswerstothepreviewquestions.T:Lastperiod,youwereaskedtopreviewthetextandanswerthetwoquestions.Didyougetready?Sampleanswers:1.Theproblemtalkedaboutinthetextishowtocatchsnakesinthecourtyard.2.Thewritersolvedtheproblemindifferentsteps.Forexampleplacingthefrozenbowlandtheice-cubesontopofthebowltokeepitcool,freezingthebowlandice-cubesagainintheeveningasthetemperaturewasstartingtocoolandusinganetusedforcatchingfish.StepⅡPre-readingT:Problemscanariseanywhereatanytime.Nowhereisaproblemofsnakes.Lookatthetitleofthereadingpassage.Whatcanyouguessaboutthecontentofthepassagefromthetitle?Toanswerthequestionyoushouldtrytopredictthecontentofthereadingmaterialbyreadingthetitleandlookingatthepicturesinthetext.ThetitleofthetextisTHEPROBLEMOFTHESNAKES.Next,I’dlikeyoutodiscussthisquestionwithyourpartner.ThenI’llasksomestudentstoreportyourwork.Areyouclear?AfterafewminutesT:Nowwho’dliketoanswerthequestion?Volunteer!S1:Letmetry.Someonewasoncefrightenedatthesightofsnakes,thebraveandcleverwriterhelpedsolvetheproblemofthesnakes,aswecanseefromthepicturethatshefinallycaughtthemwithanet.S2:Judgingfromthetitle,Ithinkthepassageismainlyabouttheseriousproblemofthesnakesaroundthehouseandhowthegirlmadeeffortstocatchthesnakesintheend.S3:Thetitletellsusthatthecontentofthetextwillbeaboutdifferentwaysofcatchingsnakestriedbythegirlandhersuccessindoingit.T:Verygood!Now,let’sgoonwithExercise1inthepre-reading.Inventingisascientificactivity.Everyinventormustgothroughcertainstagesbeforetheycanhavetheirinventionsapproved.Lookatthelistofthestagesandworkoutasuitableorder.S:Thesuitableorderofthestepseveryinventormustgothroughbeforetheycanhavetheirinventionsapproved:1.Findingaproblem2.Doingresearch3.Thinkingofacreativesolution4.Testingthesolution5.Applyingforapatent6.DecidingontheinventionT:Welldone!You’veworkedtheorderout.Nowreadthetextandchecktheorderyouwroteabovetoseewhetheritfollowsthecorrectstagesinproducinganinvention.First,youshouldskimthepassagebyreadingtheintroduction,thetopicofeachparagraphandtheconclusion.Afterafewminutes.T:Howaboutyourarrangementofthestages?Aretheyallright?S:Ifindtheabovestepsarecorrectlyarrangedaccordingtothetext.Atfirstthewriterfoundtheproblemofthesnakes,andthenshemadeastudyofthemethodsofcatchingthemandthoughtofacreativeandpracticalwaytosolvetheproblem.Shethentestedandimprovedthemethodbeforeapplyingforapatentandwhethertherewillbeadecisiononherinventionremainstobeseen.,T:Quiteright.Sinceyouhavegotthegeneralideaofthetext,let’sgothroughthetextagain.StepⅢWhile-readingGetthestudentstocomprehendthepassagecarefullyandaccurately,andthendividethetextintoseveralpartsandworkoutthemainideaforeachparagraph.T:Now,pleasereadthepassagecarefully,dividethewholepassageintoseveralpartsandfindoutthemainideaofeachpart.PartI(Para.1):thediscoveryoftheproblemofthesnakesPartII(Paras.2-3):theresearchontheapproachestosolvetheproblemPartIII(Paras.4-6):theattemptstocatchthesnakesPartIV(Paras.7-8):therequirementsofgettingapatentT:Now,pleasegothroughthewholetextagainandI’dlikeyoutoanalyzethetextindetails.Discussthesequestionsontheslides.Showthefollowing.1.Whatarethewritingtechniquesofthistext?2.What’sthemainideaofthetext?3.Whatshouldwelearnfromthistext?4.What’sthewritingpurposeofthewriter?Sampleanswers:1.Inthistextthewriterputsforwardtheproblemofthesnakes,makesresearchandanalyzestheproblem,liststhestepsofsolvingtheproblemaccordingtothearrangementofideas,andfinallyillustrateswhatisneededforgettingapatent.Bylistingthecreativestepsshetakestocatchthesnakeswithouthurtingthem,thewriterhasefficientlyrecordedandnarratedtothereadersthebeginning,thedevelopmentandthefinalresultoftheincidentclearly.2.Thetextnarratestheproblemofthesnakesandpresentstheproceduresofcatchingthemandapplyingforapatent,fromwhichwehavegotabetterunderstandingofhowtodoscientificresearchesandhowtoapplyforapatent.Afterlearning,weknowthatitusuallycostssometimeandcontinuouseffortsinordertosolvesomepracticalproblemsinascientificway.3.Wecanlearnfromthetextthewayofdoingscientificresearchesandhowtoapplyforapatent.Wecanalsolearnthatittakesaninventorgreatdeterminationandpersistencetoachievehisorherambitioninlife.4.Thewriterwantstoinformusofthescientificmethodstosolvepresentproblemssothatwestudentscannotonlybroadenthehorizonsbutbecomemoreskilledindiscoveringandconsideringcarefullytheproblemsindailylife.Wearealsoencouragedbythewritertobecreativeandhardworkingaswellasthinkingindependently.Helpthestudentsdealwiththedifficultlanguagepointsinthetext.T:Now,everyone,Iwonderifyouhaveanydifficultiesinunderstandingthetext.S1:Ihaveonequestion.Ican’tunderstandthestructureofthesentenceinPara.2onpage20:ThefirstthingIdidwastoseeiftherewereanyproductsthatmighthelpme,butthereonlyseemedtobepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes.WouldyoupleaseexplainitandputitintoChineseforus?T:Sure.Thissentencetellsusthefirststepofthewriter’sresearchontheproblemofthesnakes.ThewordsthefirstthingismodifiedbyanattributiveclausesItriedtodoandthewordspowdersismodifiedbyanattributivepastparticiplephrasedesignedtokillsnakes.The,clauseiftherewereproductsthatmighthelpmeservesasanobjectiveclause.全句汉语意思：我设法做的第一件事是看看是否有能帮我忙的产品，但是好像只有一些用来捕杀蛇的粉末。S2:Idon’tknowmuchaboutthelastbutonesentenceofthethirdparagraphonpage20:Betweentheoutsideandtheinsidewallsofthebowlthereissomejelly,whichfreezeshardwhencooled.What’sthesentencestructurelike?Whyis“whencooled”used?Whatdoesitmean?Pleaseexplainitindetails.T:Asawhole,thissentenceisaninvertedsentencewiththeprepositionalphraseBetweentheoutsideandinsidewallsofthebowlputinthefront,whichtellsuswhatthewriterusedinordertocoolthesnakes.whichfreezeshardwhencooledisanon-restrictiveattributiveclausemodifyingthesentenceinfrontofit.Whencooledisanellipticformofwhenitiscooled.全句意思是：在碗内外侧有一些果子冻，冷却时它们会冻得很结实。S3:Ifinditdifficulttounderstandthefirstsentenceofthelastparagraph:Norwillyoureceiveapatentuntilasearchhasbeenmadetofindoutthatyourproductreallyisdifferentfromeverybodyelse’s.Canyouexplainit?Thankyou.T:Well,thissentencetellsusanotherrequirementofgettingapatent.Thisisaninvertedsentenceofadverbialclause,withthenegativewordNoratthebeginningofthesentence.thatyourproductreallyisdifferentfromeverybodyelse’sisanobjectiveclause.Inthenormalorder,thissentencecanbeparaphrasedlikethis:Youwillnotreceiveapatentuntilasearchhasbeenmadetofindoutthatyourproductreallyisdifferentfromeverybodyelse’s.全句意为：直到做了一次调查后发现你的产品确实与众不同，这时你才会获得专利。StepⅣComprehendingT:Now,pleaselookatExercise1onpage21.Listentotherecordingofthepassagetogettheanswerstothequestions.Whilelistening,paymoreattentiontothecorrectpronunciationandtone.Thenreadthetextbyyourselvestogettheanswerstothenextquestions(slide).Youcanworkingroups.StepⅤHomeworkAskthestudentstodothefollowing.1.Gooverthewholepassage.2.Recitethekeysentencesinthetext.3.PrepareforLearningaboutLanguageandUSINGSTRUCTURESintheworkbook.TheFourthPeriodGrammarTeachinggoals教学目标1.Targetlanguage目标语言a.重点词汇和短语committee,bear,jam,mess,expectation,embarrasses,trafficjam,setabout,takeupb.重点句子Sonothingwentaccordingtoplanandthatiswhy...Thetwinsistersaresomuchalikethat...Theweatherupset...somuchthat...WhenIwatch...,Ifeelasif...2.Abilitygoals能力目标Enablethestudentstousethepastparticipleastheattribute.3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标Helpthestudentslearnhowtousethepastparticipleastheattribute.,Teachingimportant&difficultpoints教学重难点Howtousethepastparticipleastheattribute.Teachingmethods教学方法Individualworkandpractice.Teachingaids教具准备Aprojectorandablackboard.Teachingprocedures&ways教学过程与方式StepⅠRevisionCheckthestudents’homeworkandaskthestudentstoretellthetext.Asampleretellingversion:Mymotherlivedinthecountrysideandwasupsetaboutthesnakesintheyard.Shewantedmetohelphergetridofthem.Howtocatchthesesnakeswithouthurtingthem?FirstIcheckediftherewereproductsthatmighthelp,butthereseemedtobeonlysomepowders.SoIhadtofindoutanewway.Ibeganresearchingthehabitsofsnakes.ThenIdecidedonthreepossiblewaysandusedthelastone:tocoolthesnakesandcatchthem.Iboughtanice-creammakerandtookthebowlfromthemachine.Iputsomejellyontheoutsideandinsidewallsofthebowl.ThenIputthebowlintothefreezerandwaited.Atthesametime,Ipreparedsomeice-tubes.Inthefollowingtwodays,Itriedtocatchthem.ButIfailed.ThenIdecidedtouseanettocatchthesnakesaftertheybecamepassive.Thistime,Imadeit.Myfriendsandrelationspressedmetosendmyinventiontothepatentofficetogetrecognition.SoIfilledtheformandfiledmypatentapplicationwiththepatentofficeandwaitedfortheresult.Askthestudentstotranslatesomesentencesorspellsomekeywordsinthetext.Showthefollowing.PutthefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.ThefirstthingIdidwastoseeiftherewereanyproductsthatmighthelpme,butthereonlyseemedtobepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes.2.Betweentheoutsideandtheinsidewallsofthebowlthereissomejelly,whichfreezeshardwhencooled.3.Norwillyoureceiveapatentuntilasearchhasbeenmadetofindoutthatyourproductreallyisdifferentfromeverybodyelse’s.Sampleanswers:1.我做的第一件事是看看是否有能帮我忙的产品，但是好像只有一些用来捕杀蛇的粉末。2.在碗内外侧有一些果子冻，当冷却时它们会冻得很结实。3.直到做了一次调查后发现你的产品确实与众不同，这时你才会获得专利。StepⅡGrammarfocusT:Now,pleaselookcarefullyatsomeexamplesontheslidesandanswersomequestionsbelow:Showthefollowing.1.TheTitanicisasunkshipintheocean.2.Thebookintendedasasurprisetohimwaslostinthemail.3.Heseemsmovedtotearsbythefilm.4.Ifbittenbyasnake,youshouldcallforhelp.,5.Weleftthemcaughtinthestorm.Qs:1.What’sthefunctionofthewordsinbold?2.Whatkindofvoicedotheyhave?Why?3.Whatpartofspeechdoeseachofthemhave?4.What’sthedifferencebetweenthestructuresofthefirsttwosentences?Canyourewritethemintheattributiveclause?T:Now,pleasetalkwithyourpartnerandthenwewilldealwiththequestionsonebyone.S1:Allthewordsinboldinthesentencesareallpastparticiples,whichexplainandaddmoreinformationtothemeaningsofthesentences.S2:Usuallythepastparticipleshowsthepassivevoicetotherelatedpartofthesentence.Forexampleinthefirsttwosentences,theverbssunkandintendedindicatethepassiverelationshiptothenounstheymodifyshipandbookwhileinthethirdandthefourthsentencesthepassiverelationshipisbetweenthesubjectHeandmoved;youandbitten.Fromthelastsentence,weknowtheywerecaughtinthestorm.S3:Thepastparticiplesactasattributeasinthefirsttwoexampleswhiletheyserveaspredicative,adverbial,objectcomplementrespectivelyinthenextthreeexamples.S4:Thepastparticipleinthefirstsentencemodifiesthenounfollowingitwhileinthesecondsentencethemodifiednounisinfrontofthepastparticiple.TheycanberewrittenasTheTitanicisashipwhichissunkintheocean.Thebookwhichwasintendedasasurprisetohimwaslostinthemail.StepⅢDiscoveringusefulstructuresT:FirstI’dlikeyoutolookattheexampleandtalkaboutthepartofspeechofthepastparticipleandthenlookthroughthetextandfindoutthreemoresentencesusedinthisway.I’llgiveyouthreeminutes.Thenwe’llchecktheanswerstogether.AskthestudentstodoExercise1onpage23andExercises2-4onpage24.Andthenchecktheanswers.StepⅣUsingstructures(Workbook)T:Firstlet’slookatthepicturesonpage65andtrytotalkaboutthemusingthe-ingformandthepastparticiples.I’dlikeyoutotalkabouteachpicturebyaskingandansweringthequestionsandtrytousecompletesentencessothatyoumayknowtherelationshipbetweentheverbformandtheexactthingitexplains,forexample,astothefirstpicture,onemayask.Showthefollowing.S:Whataretheboysdoing?R:Theyarelookingatthebulletinboardshowingtheresultofthefootballmatch.S:Whatisdisappointing?R:Thescoreoftheirteamisdisappointingtothem.T:Now,workinpairsandpractisetalkingaboutthepictures.Checktheanswers.AndthenaskthestudentstodoExercise2.T:Next,trytorewritethesentencesinExercise2,payingattentiontothesentencesgivenandtrytouseverbsintheir-ingformsandpastparticipleformssoastomakethetwosentencessimilarinmeanings.Thenwe’llhaveachecktogetherinabouttenminutes.StepⅤHomework,Askthestudentstodothefollowing.1.Finishtheexercisesongrammarinthisunit.2.PreviewthereadingmaterialsinUsingLanguage.TheFifthPeriodReading(Ⅱ)Teachinggoals教学目标1.Targetlanguage目标语言a.重点词汇和短语forehead,dot,tap,wire,straw,current,importance,helicopter,triangle,stable,practical,beatentrack,diveinto,setout(todo),intruthb.重点句子Hefoundthatbypressinghislipsagainst...Hedesignedamachinethat...Althoughhewillalwaysbeknownfor...,hewas...Herealizedthatbyunderstandinghow...2.Abilitygoals能力目标EnablethestudentstolearnaboutthefamousinventorAlexanderGrahamBellandhisinventions.3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标HelpthestudentslearnhowthefamousinventorAlexanderGrahamBellinventedtelephones.Teachingimportantpoints教学重点HowthefamousinventorAlexanderGrahamBellinventedtelephones.Teachingdifficultpoints教学难点Helpthestudentslearnwhatthekeyistobecomeasuccessfulinventor.Teachingmethods教学方法Listeningandfastreading.Teachingaids教具准备Arecorder,aprojectorandacomputer.Teachingprocedures&ways教学过程与方式StepⅠRevisionandlead-inCheckhomework:GetthestudentstoputthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Showthefollowing.1.一阵闪电之后，接着就是一声巨响。2.被汽车撞伤的小孩马上被送到了医院。3.本书是用浅显的英语写的，适合初学者。4.那位手持鲜花的姑娘也许在等那个被警方带走的男人。Sampleanswers:1.Therewasasuddenburstoflightningfollowedbyaterriblenoise.2.Theboyhurtbythecarwassenttothehospitalimmediately.3.Thisbook,writteninsimpleEnglish,issuitableforbeginners.4.Theflower-carryinggirlmaybewaitingforthemantakenawaybythepolice.Askthestudents“Doyouknowwhoinventedthetelephone?”S:Yes,aBritishinventorcalledAlexanderGrahamBell.T:Good.Everyoneknowswhatanamazinginventiontelephoneis!Whenwemaketelephonecallseveryday,weshouldn’tforgetthegreatinventorAlexanderGrahamBell.Today,we’lllearnsomethingmoreabouthim.,StepⅡPre-readingT:Next,pleaselookatthepictureofthegreatinventoronpage25.FirstI’dlikeyoutodiscussthefollowingquestionsingroups.Showthefollowing.1.Whatdoyouknowabouttheinventor?2.Howusefulishisinventiontohumansociety?Why?Afterafewminutes.T:Now,who’dliketoshowyouranswers?S1:Letmetry.IknowAlexanderGrahamBellwasborninScotlandandhewasverycuriousabouttheworldaroundhimwhenveryyoung.Hedidmanyteststoimprovewhathehadinventedandhehadmademanyotherinventionsinhislife.Asweallknow,itisveryconvenientforpeopletocommunicatewitheachotherthroughtelephones.Itiscertainlytruethattelephoneshavebecomepartofoureverydaylife.Livinginthis“informationage”,wecannotbearaworldwithouttheringingofphonesalmostanywherewego.S2:IthinkBellwasaverygreatinventor.Hedeeplylovedhismotherwhowasalmostdeafandwasdeterminedtodosomethingforthedisabledtoliveabetterlife.Whatagreatson!Ithinkhewasalsohardworkingbecausehetookalotoftroubledoingmanyexperimentstosolvetheproblemsandinventedalotofthings.Ican’timaginewhatthelifewouldbelikewithouttelephones.Maybewewillliveinasilentworldwithoutknowingofthethingsaroundus,whichisunbearableforushumanbeingsinmodernsociety.AnditbecomesmoreandmoreimportanttousetelephonestoreceiveandsendinformationwiththedevelopmentofmodernIT.…T:Iagree.AlexanderGrahamBellisreallyafamousinventorwhohasmadegreatcontributionstohumanbeingsandwearegoingtolearnmoreabouthiminthefollowingtext.StepⅢListening&ReadingLetthestudentsreadthefourquestionsfirsttogetageneralideaofwhatshouldbepaidattentiontoandthenplaythetapeforstudentstofollowandgivetheanswerstothequestions.Whentheyfinish,letthemexchangenoteswiththeirpartnersandfindthesupportingsentences.Thenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.T:Now,pleasereadthefirstsentenceofeachparagraphandthekeywordsinboldandthentellmethemainideaofit.Afterafewminutes.S:ItmainlytalksaboutthelifeofAlexanderGrahamBellandhowhemadethegreatinventions.T:Verygood!Nextpleasegothroughthefourquestionsonpage26andfindtheanswersafterlistening.Askthestudentstolistentotherecordingandtrytoanswerthequestions.StepⅣREADINGTASKT:Doyouknowabouttheworldfamouspainting“MonaLisa”?S:Sure.Thewomanisveryattractiveespeciallywithherperfectsmile!T:Doyouknowwhopaintedthegreatpicture?S:Yes.HisnameisLeonardodaVinci,agreatItalianartist.,T:DoyouthinkLeonardodaVinciisreallyagoodpainter?Whatelsedoyouknowheisfamousfor?S:Ofcourse.AsfarasIknow,heisanItalianartist,scientist,andengineer.Andanall-roundgeniuswhosepaintingsandinventionschangedtheworld.Asheintendedtobeapainterbyprofessionhecarefullystudieddrawingfromlife.Besides,hemadedesignsformills,workingmachinesandenginesthatcouldbedrivenbywaterpower.Inaword,heisatrueRenaissanceman.T:Good.LeonardodaVinciisinfactanoutstandingtalentinmanyfields.Now,I’dlikeyoutoreadapassageentitledWASLEONARDODAVINCIJUSTAPAINTER?AndthenworkwithyourpartnertocompleteExercises1and2.Sampleanswers:1.Becausepaintingdidnotalwaysprovideasteadyincomewhenhewasyoungsohehadtodevelophisdrawingskillstoearnmoneyinotherwaysandhelearnttodesignwhateverhisemployerwanted.2.Becausehehaddevelopedanewattitudetowardsmachines.Herealizedthatbyunderstandinghoweachseparatemachinepartworked,hecouldimprovethemandcombinethemindifferentwaystoimproveexistingmachines.3.WhilehewasstudyingunderVerrochio,Leonardoobservedandusedavarietyofmachines.Bystudyinganddrawingthemachines,Leonardogainedknowledgeabouttheirdesignandstructure.Hisdrawingskillsenabledhimtoproducecleardrawingsofhismechanicalideaseasily,manyofwhichcanstillbeusedtocreateperfectworkingmachines.Theuseofmechanicalgearswashismostinterestingpartandhecameupwithnumerousinventionsbasedonthegear.4.Hisunderstandingofmachinesforhispaintingwasmoreimportantbecausebyunderstandinghoweachseparatemachinepartworked,hecouldimprovethemandcombinethemindifferentwaystoimproveexistingmachines,whichleadtoalotofinventions.T:Asweallknow,oneoftheremarkablethingsaboutLeonardodaVinciwashisnaturalabilityinsomanysubjects.AreyouascleverasLeonardo?I’dlikeyoutomakeacomparisonaboutdaVinciandyouyourselfandfindoutbyfillinginthechartinExercise2.Sampleanswers:PossibleskillsEvidencefromLeonardoEvidencefromyouartistBythe1480shehadbeguntoproducepaintingsofhisown.Icoulddrawnicepictureswhenveryyoung.engineera.Someofhisearlydrawingsshowedclearlyhowvariousmachinepartsworked.b.Inthiswayhebegantodesignmachinesnoonehadeverseenbefore.Isometimeslookatbooksaboutdifferentmachinesandtrytodesignperfectworkingmachines.architectHelearnttodesignwhateverhisemployerwanted:cities,canals,bridgesorweapons.Iaminterestedinmodernarchitecture.teacherHesetouttowritethefirstsystematicexplanationofhowmachinesworkedandhowthepartsIlovechildrenandenjoymakingfriendswiththem.,ofamachinewerecombinedinthewhole.doctorHistalentwassorarethathemasteredanysubjecttowhichheturnedhisattention.Ifeelmercifulforthosesickpeoplewhosuffergreatpain.inventora.Hecameupwithnumerousdesignsbasedonthegear.b.Ifhehadneverbeenapainter,wewouldstillappreciatehimasoneofthegreatestinventorsofhistime.Notimespentonmakinginventions.scientistHemighthavebeenascientistifhehadnotbeensoskilledinotherareas.MaybetherewillbesomeevidenceafterIgraduateandmajorincertainsubjectintheuniversity.T:Well,youmaylikeordislikesomesubjects.However,Ifirmlybelieveallofyouhavecertainnaturalabilityinsomeareas.Youcanoffermoreevidencetofillinthechartafterclass.Butnow,let’shaveadiscussionaboutthequestionsinExercise3.Now,workwithyourpartnerandI’dlikesomeofyoutoshowyouropinions.Fiveminuteslater.S1:Leonardomanagedtoearnhislivingintwoways,i.e.bypaintingpicturesanddesigningcities,canals,bridges,weapons,bicycles,helicopters,automobilesandsomeworkingmachines.IamonlyfamiliarwiththewayofpaintingbecauseIaminterestedindrawingpicturesandIenjoypaintingmyself.Asagirl,IamleasthappywiththeknowledgeofmachineryandIamabitworriedaboutitbecausewiththedevelopmentofmodernindustry,moreandmoreadvancedmachineswillbeproducedandIwillfallbehindthetimesifIdon’ttrytoknowsomeinformationaboutthem.Iwillreadmorebooksandgotovisitworkersinthefactoriessoastolearnmoreabouthowmodernmachinesaredesignedandhowtheywork.S2:UnlikeLeonardo,whowasverygoodatdrawingskillsandmadealivingpartlybythem,Ihavenotalentinpainting.However,Iknowsomethingaboutthedesignofbridges,bicyclesandautomobiles,bywhichLeonardoonceearnedhisliving.IamleasthappywiththeknowledgeofdrawingandIamveryworriedaboutitbecauseIhavetodeveloptheskillsofdrawingifIdecidetolearnmoreaboutthedesignofbridges,bicyclesandautomobiles.IhavetolearnfrommyartteacherandpractisedrawinglinesandfigureseveryweekinmysparetimesothatIcanhaveabettersenseofdrawinganddesigningcertainproducts.S3:Leonardousedtoearnhislivingbypaintingpicturesanddesigningcities,canals,bridges,weapons,bicycles,helicopters,automobilesandsomeworkingmachines.IamfamiliarwithpaintingpicturesbecauseItookaninterestinitwhenIwasaboy,butIamleasthappywithdesigningcities,canalsandweapons.I’mratherworriedaboutitbecausetheyareveryimportantskillsforustoliveahealthyandpeacefullife.Idecidetolearnmoreaboutgeographyandhistorysoastomakeourcitiesmorebeautifulandprovidethecitizenswithabetterenvironment.AndIamdeterminedtoworkhardandgetwellpreparedforlearningmilitaryengineerwhenIentercollege.T:Verygood!Iamgladtoseeyouareeagertolearnalotinordertorealizeyourdreamsin,thefuture.Ireallyfeelproudofyou.AndIbelieveyourdreamswillcometrueifyoumakegreatefforts.Well,agoodbeginningishalfdone.Ihopeyoucanstartfromnowandhere.Makegoodplansandlayasolidfoundationforthefutureuse.OK?Mayyourdreamscometruesoon!StepⅤHomework1.AskthestudentstowriteashortpassageaboutdaVinci.2.PreviewWritinginUsingLanguageandWRITINGTASKintheworkbook.TheSixthPeriodWritingTeachinggoals教学目标1.Targetlanguage目标语言a.重点词汇assistant,grateful,version,debate,conclusion,reaction,leaveout,attractattention,watercontainerb.重点句子Iwouldliketoapplytobecome...Iwouldbegratefulifyoucould...Ifthatisthecase,youmustdiscusswhich...2.Abilitygoals能力目标Enablethestudentstowriteasuccessfulletterapplyingforajob.3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标Helpthestudentslearnhowtowriteanapplicationletterforacertainpurpose.Teachingimportantpoints教学重点Howtowriteanapplicationletter.Teachingdifficultpoints教学难点HowtowriteaboutaChineseinvention.Teachingmethods教学方法Task-basedactivities.Teachingaids教具准备Aprojectorandacomputer.Teachingprocedures&ways教学过程与方式StepⅠRevisionCheckthehomework.Asksomestudentstoshowtheirwork.Asampleversion:LeonardodaVinciishonoredbypeoplenotonlyasasuccessfulpainterbutagreatinventor.HewasborninapoorfamilybuthehadsuchagiftforpaintingthathewasacceptedbyafamouspainterfromFlorencetodevelophisdrawingskills.Helearntalotaboutthedesignandstructureofvariousmachinesanddevelopedanewattitudetowardsmachines,whichmadeitpossibleforhimtoproducemoredrawingsofmechanicalideasandcreateperfectworkingmachines.DaVinciwassuchatalentedmanthathewasskilledinalmosteveryfieldheturnedhisattentionto.StepⅡPre-writingT:Inthelisteningperiod,wehaveknownsomethingaboutJamesDysonandhisCompany.,Doyouremember?S1:Yes.IhaveknownJamesDysonisafamousBritishInventorwhohasmadegreatinventions.T:Well,wouldyouliketogetajobinhiscompanyinthefuture?Why?S2:Sure.Ithinkitwillbepleasantandworthwhileforusyoungpeopletohaveachancetogoabroadandworkinafamouscompanylikethis.I’msurebothmyEnglishandmyworkexperiencecanbegreatlyimprovedifIamluckyenoughtoworkthere.T:Ifthereisajobofanassistantinhiscompany,whatwillyoudoinordertogetit?S3:Iwillfirstmakeaphonecalltothepersonnelmanagerandaskforasmuchinformationaspossiblesoastogetwellpreparedforthejobinterview.InthelettertothecompanyIwouldliketolistallmyskills,experiencesandabilitiesinallaspectsandtrymybesttogetthejob.StepⅢWritingT:Next,pleasewritealettertoapplyforthejobasanassistant,pleasereadtheinstructionsinthewritingpartonpage27first.Asampleversion:DearMrDyson,Iwouldliketoapplytobecomeanassistantinyourcompany.AsachildIoftenaccompaniedmyfathertohissmallcoinshopandspenthourswatchinghimwork.WhenIgrewup,Isometimessetupdisplays,waitedoncustomers,andevenbalancedthebooks.Thisexperienceinstilledinmethedesiretoownandmanagemyownbusinesssomeday,yetIunderstandthatthebusinessworldtodayismorecomplex.Thiscomplexityrequiresmoreeducation,andwiththatinmind,Iamapplyingtoworkinyourcompanytogainmoreexperienceandlearnmoreaboutbusiness.Inadditiontomyhelpingoutinmyfather’sbusiness,Ihavehadnumerousotherworkexperiencesthatfurtherenhancemyqualificationsforthisjob.MyresumeenumeratesthevariouspositionsIhaveheldatKerasotesTheaters,Chili’srestaurants,andIndianaUniversity’snewStudentRecreationalSportsCenter(SRSC),andwhatallofthesepositionshaveincommonisanemphasisonservingthepubliceffectively.Further,asanassistantmanagerattheShowplace11andastaffcoordinatorattheSRSC,Ihavegainedvaluableexpertiseinmanagingemployeesandcreatingworkschedules.Bothofthesepositionshaveallowedmetodevelopmysalesandpersonalskills,whichareextremelyimportantinanincreasinglyservice-drivenmarketplace.Also,IrecentlyparticipatedinaninternshipprogramforacademiccreditwiththeEliLillyCorporationinthepersonneldivision.Asamanagementintern,IwasabletowatchtheworkingsofamajorcorporationupcloseandwouldliketheopportunitytocombinemyexperienceswiththetheoreticalbackgroundavailableintheMBAprogramatIUB,withitsemphasisoncomputers,marketingandhumanresources.MysuccessfulinternshipisoneelementofmyoverallacademicsuccessasanundergraduateatIUB,yetIhavealsomadetimeforavarietyofextracurricularactivities,includingworkingformysororityandcompetinginintramuralbasketballmatches.Mypositiveexperiencesherehaveresultedinmydesiretoworkinyourcompany;furthermore,continuingmyeducationherewouldallowmetomakeimportantbusinesscontacts,withthecareergoalofopeningmyowncomputerconsultingfirminthenearfuture.Iwouldbegratefulifyouwouldconsideremployingmeinyourcompany.,Yourssincerely,LiHuaStepⅣWRITINGTASKT:Lookatthewritingtaskonpage68,readtheinstructionsandwriteanentryforanencyclopedia.Asampleversion:Theabacusistypicallyconstructedofvarioustypesofhardwoodsandcomesinvarioussizes.Theframeoftheabacushasaseriesofverticalrodsonwhichanumberofwoodenbeadsareallowedtoslidefreely.Ahorizontalbeamseparatestheframeintotwosections,knownastheupperdeckandthelowerdeck.Thestandardabacuscanbeusedtoperformaddition,subtraction,divisionandmultiplication.Theabacuscanalsobeusedtoextractsquare-rootsandcubicroots.Theabacusispreparedforusebyplacingitflatonatableorone’slapandpushingallthebeadsonboththeupperandlowerdecksawayfromthebeam.Thebeadsaremanipulatedwitheithertheindexfingerorthethumbofonehand.Eachbeadintheupperdeckhasavalueof5;eachbeadinthelowerdeckhasavalueof1.Beadsareconsideredcounted,whenmovedtowardsthebeamthatseparatesthetwodecks.After5beadsarecountedinthelowerdeck,theresultis“carried”totheupperdeck;afterbothbeadsintheupperdeckarecounted,theresult(10)isthencarriedtotheleft-mostadjacentcolumn.Theright-mostcolumnistheonescolumn;thenextadjacenttotheleftisthetenscolumn;thenextadjacenttotheleftisthehundredscolumn,andsoon.Floatingpointcalculationsareperformedbydesignatingaspacebetween2columnsasthedecimal-pointandalltherowstotherightofthatspacerepresentfractionalportionswhilealltherowstotheleftrepresentwholenumberdigits.Theabacusisoneofmanycountingdevicesinventedtohelpcountlargenumbers.Theearliestcountingdevicewasthehumanhandanditsfingers.Then,aslargerquantities(largerthantenhuman-fingerscouldrepresent)werecounted,variousnaturalitemslikepebblesandtwigswereusedtohelpcount.Merchantswhotradedgoodsnotonlyneededawaytocountgoodstheyboughtandsold,butalsotocalculatethecostofthosegoods.Untilnumberswereinvented,countingdeviceswereusedtomakeeverydaycalculations.StepⅤHomeworkAskthestudentstosummarizewhattheyhavelearntintheunitandprepareforthenextunit.附件I.语法:过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语既可以放在所修饰的词之前，作前置定语，也可以放在所修饰的词后面，作后置定语。表示被动和完成意义,其作用相当于一个定语从句。例如：Wherearethereservedseats?(=Wherearetheseatswhichhavebeenreserved?)预定的座位在哪里？Theinjuredworkersarenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.受伤的工人现正在医院受到很好的照料。Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.我们需要更多合格的工人。,Myfriendisareturnedstudent.我的朋友是个归国留学生。2.过去分词作后置定语可分为限制性（紧跟在所修饰的中心词之后）和非限制性（用逗号与其所修饰的中心词分开）两种，其作用分别相当于一个限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。例如：Thefundsraised(=whichhavebeenraised)aremainlyusedforhelpingthehomeless.筹集的资金主要用来帮助那些无家可归的人。Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。Whoweretheso-calledguestsinvited(=whohadbeeninvited)toyourpartylastnight?昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀?Thisbook,written(=whichiswritten)insimpleEnglish,issuitableforbeginners.本书是用浅显的英语写的，适合初学者。Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.=Thestudentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。3.过去分词常和形容词、副词或名词构成合成形容词作定语。例如：Thenewly-builtbuildingisourofficebuilding.这座新建的大楼是我们的办公楼。Thisisastate-ownedfactory.这是一家国营工厂。Thisisourschool-runfactory.这是我们的校办工厂。4.有些不及物动词的过去分词作定语，并不表示被动的意思而是表示完成。这类过去分词常作前置修饰语。例如：Therearealotoffallenleavesinautumn.秋天有许多落叶。Thefilmdescribesthestoryaboutthepolicewhopursueanescapedman.这部电影描述的是警察抓逃犯的事。常用的这一类词有：fallen,faded,returned,retired,risen,grownup,vanished等。5.如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如：Isthereanythingunsolved?还有没解决的问题吗？ThereisnotingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.自从我离开这个城镇以来，几乎没有什么变化。6.过去分词作定语时与定语从句的关系：(1)及物动词的过去分词可改为动词为被动形式的定语从句。losttime—timewhichislostawell-knownwriter—awriterwhoiswell-knownabeatenteam—ateamwhichisbeaten(2)部分不及物动词的过去分词作定语时可改为动词为完成式或动词为表示状态的定语从句。areturnedsoldier—asoldierwhohasreturnedretiredworkers—workerswhohaveretiredalearnedman—amanwhoisofmuchlearningasunkenship—ashipwhichhassunk[练习]1.Firsthemadealistofthenamesofthose______.Thenhebegantowritetheinvitation,cards.A.invitedB.beinginvitedC.tobeinvitedD.havingbeeninvited2.Thefirsttextbooks_____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written3.Thismethod,______inareasnearShanghai,______inamarkedriseintotalproduction.A.trying;resultingB.tried;resultedC.trying;resultedD.tried;resulting4.TheOlympicGames,_____in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplaying5.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor,_____“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”A.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading6.Thepicture_____onthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangD.beinghung7.Nextheisgoingtowriteasciencestoryaboutouterspace_____byScienceandTechnologyPress.A.publishedB.beingpublishedC.tobepublishedD.publishing8.Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe_____.A.20dollarsremainedB.20dollarstoremainC.remained20dollarsD.remaining20dollars9.TheYellowRiver,______tobe“themotherriver”,runsacrossChinalikeahugedragon.A.sayingB.tosayC.saidD.beingsaid10.The_____boywaslastseen_____neartheEastLake.A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplayKey:1-5CDBAD6-10BCDCAII.文化背景知识InventionYearofInventionInventorAirConditioning1902WillisCarrierAppleLisaComputer1983AppleAtomicBomb1945J.RobertOppenheimerleadingtheManhattanProjectteam.Ball-PointPen1938LadisloBiroMobile/CellularPhones1947/1979MultiModernComputers1936-presentMultiComputerGame1962MIT,SteveRussellComputerMouse1964DouglasEngelbartElectricChair1888ThomasEdisonDrive-InMovieTheater1933RichardM.HollingsheadFiberOptics1854-1970Maurer,Keck,SchultzMulti-Tyndall,Bell,Wheeler“Floppy”Disk1971IBMAlanShugartFountainPen1884LewisEdsonWatermanMultiInternet1969MicrosoftMS-DOS1981MicrosoftNeon1902GeorgesClaudeNetworkComputing1973RobertMetcalfXeroxRobots1921-1956MultiWordProcessors1960sto79MultiYo-Yo1929MultiZippe1851-1917GideonSundbackWhitcombJudsonIII.TheInventionConventionStepsforStudentsCanyouinventsomething?Canyouthinkofanideaorinventionthatwillhelppeople?Readthefivestepsbelow.Theywillhelpyoutobecomeaninventor.ThenbringyourideaorinventiontotheInventionConvention.Step1LearningaboutInventorsLearnaboutinventors.Readabouttheminbooks.Talktopeopleaboutthem.Step2FindinganIdeaThinkaboutsomethingpeopleneedinordertomakelifebetter.Talktopeopleaboutsomethingtheywouldliketobechanged.Thentellyourteacheraboutitonaspecialsheetofpapercalled“MyNewIdea.”Step3ResearchandPlanningUseyourplantomakeaninvention.Orwriteabouthowyourinventionwouldhelptosolveaproblem.Besuretofollowsciencesafetyruleswhenyoumakeaninvention.Step4DevelopingandTestingTestyourinventionoryourplan.Makesureitworksandissafetouse.Tellaboutyourinvention.Youmaywanttodrawapictureofit.UsethesheetcalledMyInvention.Step5AttendingtheInventionConventionGetyourinventionorplanreadyfortheInventionConvention.Trytomakeitlookasgoodasyoucan.Learnallyoucanabouthowitworksandwhatitisgoodfor.BringittotheInventionConvention.Bereadytoanswerquestions.