北师大版（2019）高中英语必修第三册Unit 8 Green Living单元达标测试卷（含答案解析）

北师大版（2019）高中英语必修第三册Unit8GreenLiving单元达标测试卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A  City:Hangzhou   Launched:2008   Size:2,965stations/69,750bikes   Price:$28.59deposit(押金)+timecharge   Whiletakingalookatthiscity,youmayseethebestbikesharingintheworld.Asthesecondontheplanetbysize,theHangzhouPublicBicycleSystemisoneofthemostcommonandusefulshares,largelybecauseit'scombinedwithpublictransportation:asinglecardcanbeusedinsubway,bus,taxiandbikesharing.Residentsandtouristscanputdownadepositof200ChineseYuan(about$29)andrideforanhourforfreeinthissceniccity.Eachadditionalhourcostsonly$0.15.Itwasalsothefirstnew-generationbike-sharingsysteminChina.   City:Barcelona   Launched:2007   Size:420stations/6,000bikes   Price:$61.93peryear   Barcelona'sBicyclingProgramdevelopedSpain'sbike-sharingbusinessinabigway.Thisprogramtookofflikewildfireonwheels,andbecausefourtimesbiggerinoneyear.Itinspireddifferentcopycatprogramsalloverthecountry.Today,Spainhas132bike-sharingsystems.Theprogramisoneoftheworld'smostrespectedandpopularshares.Butitisonlyopentoresidentsandtouristsarenotallowedtousethem.   City:Paris   Launched:2007   Size:l,751stations/23,900bikes   Price:$38.52peryear/$2.26perday   BikesharinginParisisthestaroftheworld.Launchedin2007,itistheworld'slargestoutsideofChina.CheapbyAmericanstandards,youcanridearoundParisona$1.7daypass—thefirsthalfhourofeachtripisfree.Becausethissystemcoversthecitywithanaverageof50stationspersquaremile,it'safavouritewithbothlocalsandtourists.1.WhatdoweknowaboutBarcelona'sBicyclingProgram?A.IthasdriventhedevelopmentofSpain'sbikesharing.第14页共14页,B.Ithasoncebeenruinedbyfireaccidents.C.Itispopularamongtravellers.D.Itconsistsof175,000bikes.2.HowmuchshouldyoupaytorideasharedbikeinParis?A.Nothingforanhour.B.$61.93peryear.C.$2.26perday.D.$1.7perday.3.WhatdotheHangzhouPublicBicycleSystemandbikesharinginParishaveincommon?A.Theyareopentobothlocalsandtourists.B.Theyhavethesameamountofstations.C.Theywerefoundedinthesameyear.D.Theyrequireadepositofover$30.B   TheAndeanvillageChinchero,whichsitsabovetheUrubambaValley,isoneofthemostbreathtakinglybeautifullandscapes.SplendidterracesmadebytheIncasstretchoutintothevasthighland.Fieldsofpotatoandcornplantsformatextileofshades—green,redandgold.Sweepingviewsofsnow-coveredpeaksrulethehorizon.   ButmachinesbeganclearinggroundforaninternationalairportinChincheronow.ThisdoubtfulprojectwoulddamagetheheartlandoftheIncacivilisation.Itsancientarchaeologicalsitesandrichplantsandanimalswouldbedisruptedbynoise,traffic,pollutionanduncontrolledurbanisation.   Itispuzzlingwhyanyonewouldchoosetobuildamultimillion-dollarinternationalairportinthispeacefulspothighupintheclouds.Atnearly12,400feet,1,500feethigherthanCuzco'sairportsome20milesaway,itwouldbeoneoftheworldshighestcommercialairports.ThemountainssurroundingChinchero,nottomentionthefog,windsandhailstormsatthesealtitudes,canmakelandingandtake-offdangerous.   Afloodofarticlesinscienceandtravelmagazineshaveblamedtheproject.Theobjectionisnotsurprising;theancientMachuPicchu,whichisintheCuzcoregion,wasrecognisedoneoftheNewSevenWondersoftheWorldin2007.   Thesitedrawsupto5,600foreignvisitorsdaily,morethandoublethe2,500recommendedbyUNESCO.Thenewairportcouldquadruple(使变为四倍)tourists,to6millionfrom1.5millionayear,whichwouldmeanaburdenof22,000visitorsaday.PresidentVizcarrasupportedtheprojectin2018asawaytogetsupportinsouthernPeru.   Theairport'sconstructioncouldreducethewatershedofLakePiuray,animportantsourceofwaterforCuzco.ItwouldalsodivideChincherointwo,leavingtheschoolandthehealthcentreonthesidewherefewpeoplelive.   Insteadofanotherairport,Perushoulddevelopsustainabletourismandinvestininfrastructuretomaketheseareasmoreaccessible.1.Whatismainlydescribedinthefirstparagraph?A.ThebeautifulsceneryofChinchero.B.Theperfectplacefortheairport.第14页共14页,C.ThebirthplaceoftheIncacivilisation.D.Thebesttravellingdestination.2.WhydidPresidentVizcarraagreetobuildtheairport?A.TomakeMachuPicchuknowntoall.B.Topromotethelocaltourism.C.Torespectthetraditionalcivilisation.D.Tomaketheairporttheworld'shighest.3.Whatmadepeopleworriedaboutthebuildingoftheairport?A.Theroughweatherforlandingandtake-off.B.Theloudnoiseforthelocalvillagers.C.Thedamagetothelocalenvironment.D.ThedisappearanceofIncalandscape.4.What'stheattitudeofthewritertowardsthebuildingoftheairport?A.Neutral.B.Supportive.C.Uncaring.D.Disapprove.CTheLifeCycleofaT-shirt   WeallprobablyhavealotofT-shirts,butdoyoueverstopandthinkabouttheinfluenceofaT-shirtontheplanet?You'dprobablybesurprisedtolearnwhat'sinvolvedinthelifecycleofjustoneT-shirt.   Thereare5majorstages:material,production,shipping,useanddisposal.Thematerialstageinvolvesfarming,irrigating,fertilisingandharvesting,etc.Whilecottonisanaturalfibre(纤维制品)andnotasharmfultotheenvironmentasman-madefibres,itstilltakesatollinthematerialandproductionstages.Commercialcottonfarmingusesalargeamountofwater,andtheuseofpesticides(杀虫剂)iswidespreadacrosstheglobe,especiallyincottonfarming.Studieshaveshownthatfarmersspendaround$4.1billiononpesticidesannually,ofwhich25%wasspentoncottoncropsintheUS.   Oncethecottonisgrownandharvested,sobeginstheproductionstage:spinning,knitting(编织),bleaching,dyeing,cutting,sewing,etc.—theseprocessesalsouseagreatdealofwaterandenergy.Commercialdyesandbleachesareharmfulpollutantsandcaneventuallypollutegroundwater.   AftertheT-shirtisproduced,itentersthetransportationstage.Thisofteninvolvesoverseasshipping.Takealookinyourcloset.Chancesarethatmostofyourcottongarments(衣服)aremadeinChinaorIndia.Garmentscanbeshippedviaplane,shiportruck...,allofwhichspillCO2intotheatmosphere.CalculationsshowthatCO2emissionsfromlighttrucksaloneamountto1.15poundspermile.   OncetheT-shirtreachestheretailmarket,itispurchased.Thisstagemayseemliketheleastenvironmentallydamagingpart.Butconsiderthenumberoftimesyou'vewashedanddriedyourfavouriteT-shirt.Washingmachinesarecertainlybecomingmoreefficient.However,theaverageAmericanhouseholddoes400loadsoflaundryperyear,usingabout40gallonsofwaterper第14页共14页,load.Suchexcessivewateruseiscombinedwiththelargeamountofenergyusedbydryers.   Thefinalstageoflifeisdisposal.Thisreleasesharmfulemissions,orinvolvesalandfillwherecottontakesyearstobreakdown.CurrentUSrecordsshowthatanestimated15%ofclothesandshoesarerecycled,whichmeansthatconsumerssendashocking85%ofthesematerialstolandfills.   Weallneednewclotheseveryonceinawhile,butlet'salltrytokeepinmindwhatgoesintotheproductionofclothing.Ithasarealimpactontheplanet.   Therearealotofthingsyoucandotohelpreduceyourimpact.Reuseandrecycleclothes.Ifthey'retoowornouttowear,cutthemupandusethemascleaningrags.Donatethemtocharityoranotherorganisationthatrecyclestextiles.Whenpossible,makeanefforttobuyorganiccotton.Turndownthethermostat(恒温器)onyourwasher,andlinedryyourclotheswhentheweatherwillallowit.1.Theunderlinedphrase"takesatoll"probablymeans_________.A.wasteswaterB.takesalotoftimeC.usesenergyD.hasabadeffect2.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatintheUS___________.A.pesticidesincottonfarmingcostover4billiondollarseveryyearB.CO2emissionsoflandtransportamountto1.15poundspermileC.about15%oftheclothesandshoesaremadeofmaterialsthatarerecycledD.about16,000gallonsofwaterisusedannuallybyanaveragefamilyonlaundry3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?A.Theproductionprocessmayaffectwatersafety.B.TheclothingcostisrelativelylowinChinaandIndia.C.Cottonclothesareburiedbecausetheyarehardtobreakdown.D.Theusestageistheleastenvironmentallyharmfulofthefivestages.4.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Toencouragepeopletodonateclothestocharity.B.Topromoteeco-friendlyactionsrelatedtoclothes.C.Topersuadepeopletopurchasemoreorganiccotton.D.Tointroducethefivestagesinthelifecycleofclothing.D   PicturesofthebirdcalledtheredsiskinappearonVenezuela'smoney,onproductsandinschoolbooks.   Butthesmallsongbirdisdisappearingfromthewild.Ithasbecomethevictimofreducingforestsandhunterswhowanttoselltheirbrightredfeathers.Thatthreathasbroughttogetheraninternationalteam.Theyhopetosavethebird.Theplanistohavefarmersplantorganiccoffeeplantswhicharecoveredwithbranchesthatmakegoodnestingplacesforthebirds.第14页共14页,   Oncefoundinthemillions,asfewas300redsiskinsremaininVenezuela."Theydon'thavemanyyearsleft,unlesswedosomethingrightnow,"saidMiguelArvelo.   Fannerswhomeettheproject'sruleswillwintherighttoselltheirbeanswith"BirdFriendly"labels.Theywillbeabletosetpricesforsuch"highquality"productsthatcanbefivetimeshigherthanlegalpricessetbythegovernment.   Themalesiskinisvaluedforitsredfeathersandblackhead.Breederscrossthemwithyellowpetbirdstocreatebabieswithcolourfulfeathers.ProtectionunderVenezuelanlawhasnotprohibitedhuntersfromcatchingthebirdstosellonanillegalinternationalmarket.PoorVenezuelanfamiliesoftencatchandsellthebirds.Themoneytheyreceivecanfeedtheirchildrenformonths,saidbiologistJhonathanMiranda.   Atthesametime,aredsiskinbreedingcentreisbeingbuiltataprivatezooinVenezuela.There,200birdsareexpectedtobebornnextyear.Scientistskeeptheplaceswherethebirdsliveasecrettoprotectthemfromhunters.Theypermittedsomereporterstophotographasmallnumberofbirdsatoneofthosesecretplaces.Twelveormoreofthesmall,redbirdsflewintosightjustasthesunappeared.   "It'sthefirsttimeI'veseensomanybirdstogether,"saidMiranda."Itgivesushope."1.WhatdoMiguel'swordsinthethirdparagraphsuggest?A.Theredsiskinscan'tlivelonger.B.Itisurgenttosavetheredsiskins.C.Organiccoffeeplantswilldiesoon.D.Coffeefarmersdotherightthingnow.2.Whyarefarmersaskedtoplantorganiccoffeeplants?A.Tomakethemplantlesscoffeecrops.B.Toincreasetheircoffeeproduction.C.Toprovideredsiskinswithgoodhabitats.D.Toallowsomesunshineintothecoffeefields.3.Whatgooddoestheprojectdotothefarmers?A.Theyproducecoffeebeansofhighquality.B.Theyhaveabanontheircoffeeplanting.C.Theyenjoytherighttofeedbirdswithbeans.D.Theycanselltheircoffeeatahigherprice.4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.SavingredsiskinsbyplantingcoffeeplantsB.HelpingVenezuelansplantmorecoffeecropsC.PreservingtheendangeredspeciesinVenezuelaD.Buildingabreedingcentreforredsiskins第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）第14页共14页,根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。   Youmaythinkthatchoosingtoloseweightrequiresalotofeffortandpain.Thetruthis,youcanloseweight,feelhealthier,andlookamazing,allbydoingsmallthingseveryday. ①_____ Whenyou'rereadytoloseafewpounds,checkoutthesefivesmalleverydaythingsyoucando.   ②_____   Believeitornot,thediameterofyourplatecanhaveadramaticimpactonhowmuchfoodyoueatatanytimeoftheday.Thebiggeryourplateis,themoreyoucanputonit,andthemoreyouputintoyourbody.   UseaFoodDiaryoranApp   It'ssoeasytositatyourdeskoronthecoucheatingupanentirebagofpotatochips,orafullpacketofcookies.③_____   Ifyoukeepafooddiaryoranappoutliningwhatyoueat,howmuchofit,andhowmanycaloriesithas,youmaybemoreinclinedtocontrolyourfoodintake.   DrinkMoreWater   ④_____ Yourbodyneedsmorewaterthanyou'reprobablygivingit,andyoumaybereadingthesignsallwrong.Keepawaterbottleathand,anddrinkwaterthroughouttheday.Bydoingso,youcancontrolyourappetitewhilealsomakingsureyourbodydoesn'tlackwater.   ExerciseMore   Itseemstakingfixedexercisecanhelpyouloseweight.However,it'snotonlythose10-milerunsthatmakeallthedifference. ⑤_____Forinstance,parkfurtherawayfromthegrocerystore,climbthestepsinsteadoftheelevatorandjogonthespotduringTVadbreaksofyourfavouriteshow.A.UseSmallerDishesB.ControlYourFoodIntakeC.Youhavetomakeplansforexercise.D.Alltoooften,wemistakethirstforhunger.E.Manysmallchangescanmakeasignificantdifference.F.Exercisedoesn'thavetobesomethingyouhavetothinkaboutdoing,anditcanbefun.G.However,ifyouknowhowmanycaloriesareinthem,youmaydecidetochangeyourmind.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。   Lastyear,Sam'sfamilymadeadecisiontomovetotheirnewhouse.TheJeepwasfullypackedandtheywerepreparedforatiringday.Allpiledintothecar,    1   six-year-oldSam.Sam's第14页共14页,father,Alex,    2   theengine,andthefamilysetofftowardstheirnewhome.Alexdroveformilesbeforetheyneededmoresupplies.Thenthey   3   atthenearestsupermarketWalmart.   Upondrivingintotheparkinglot,theybeganto   4   foraparkingspace.Thelotwasunusually   5   ,withmanycars,shoppingcarts,flashinglightsandbusypeople.Samfeltsurroundedby   6   .Eventually,aftersearchingthelotmanytimes,Alexfounda(n)   7   parkingspacefortheircar,andstilllargeenough.   Alexwasabouttopullinwhenastrangecarsuddenlypulledintotheemptyspot.Tothefamily's   8  ,thedriverwhohadbeendrivinggotoutofhiscarandrushedtowardsWalmart.Alex   9    jumpedoutofhiscarandranafterhim,calling,"Hey,hey!Wait!"WhenAlexcaughttheman,heasked,"Don'tyouthinkthatwecan   10   it?"Themanwassurprisedandsaid,"Um,yes,Isupposewecould."Theyreturnedtotheparkingspaceand   11   theircarssothattheycouldbothparkthere.   That   12   Samverymuch.He'dthoughtthathisfatherwouldbeangry,orevenbeatthestrangerup.However,thewholeincidentended   13   andtheywentintothesupermarketandboughtwhattheyneeded.   Alex'sreactionwaspleasantlyunexpected.Samwasmovedbyhis   14    father,realisingthatthecorrectthingtodowasn'twhathehadexpectedtohappen.Itmadeastrongimpressiononhim.     15    ismoreimportantthanself-righteousness(自以为是).1.A.following    B.including    C.calling    D.helping2.A.started    B.repaired    C.possessed    D.changed3.A.played    B.lived    C.dropped    D.stopped4.A.apply    B.stand    C.hunt    D.pay5.A.abnormal    B.crowded    C.quiet    D.clean6.A.advertisements    B.noise    C.music    D.warmth7.A.cheap    B.small    C.dark    D.empty8.A.anger    B.excitement    C.satisfaction    D.amazement9.A.optimistically    B.happily    C.quickly    D.carefully10.A.quit    B.buy    C.share    D.leave11.A.adjusted    B.approached    C.examined    D.sold12.A.informed    B.requested    C.impressed    D.congratulated13.A.naturally    B.peacefully    C.sadly    D.violently14.A.energetic    B.mean    C.aggressive    D.generous15.A.Kindness    B.Curiosity    C.Justice    D.Judgement第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。   Bows(弓)andarrows(箭)areoneofman'soldestweapons.Theywereanimportantdiscovery第14页共14页,forpeople,especiallyhunters,givingthemaweaponwith①__________theycouldkilltheirenemiesorprey(猎物)fromadistance.Actually,itwasmorethan8,000yearsago②__________earlypeoplebeganhuntingwithbowsandarrows.   Theshortbowhadlimitedpowerandshortrange.However,earlyhuntersovercamethesefaultsbylearningtotrack③__________(they)preyatcloserange.Thelongbowwasabout2meters④__________length.Alotofpower,about100pounds,wasneeded⑤__________(pull)thestringofthelongbowallthewayback.Thatistosay,anyone⑥__________(use)thisbowhadtobestrong.   Foralongtime,thebowwasjustabentstickandastring.Infact,morechanges⑦__________(take)placeinthebowandarrowinthepasttwenty-fiveyears.Today'sbowis⑧__________(power)andisasexactasagun.Additionally,little⑨__________(strong)isneededtodrawthestring.   Theinventionofthebowrankswiththediscoveryofthefireandthewheel.Itwas⑩__________greatstepforwardforhumans.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）   假设你是某中学的学生李华，请根据以下提示，针对你市遭沙尘暴袭击的情况，向某英语报社写一封信，呼吁大家植树造林，保护环境。内容包括：   1.过去家乡树木成林，如今人们毁林种地、建房；   2.气候变化，土地沙漠化；   3.植树造林，人人有责。   注意：   1.词数80左右；   2.开头和结尾已给出，不计人总词数。DearEditor,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。   MyfamilyhasalwayslovedgoingtoDisneyland.Soin2001,whenDisneyannouncedthatthey第14页共14页,wereopeningCaliforniaAdventure,itwasabigdeal.IrememberIwasonlysixyearsoldwhenIwentthereforthefirsttime.I'vebeentoldthatasachildIwasverynaughtyandenergetic,butalwayswell-meaning.Igotalotofenjoymentfrommakingpeopleangry.ThisrelatestogoingtoCaliforniaAdventureforthefirsttimeeverwithmygrandmotheranditismyoldestmemorywithher.   OnthisfinedayoffunandallthingsDisney,wereachedthepark'sFerriswheel,calledtheSunWheel(nowMickey'sFunWheel).IfyoudonotknowwhattheSunWheelis,Icanbrieflyexplain:ItisthemostterrifyingFerriswheel.Why?Well,theseatthatyousitin,while160feetintheair,slidesinwardsandoutwardsasthewheelrotates(转动).Ifyourockithardenough,itcanalmostdoacomplete360-degreespin(旋转).Thiscreatesaterrifyingexperiencebecauseitislikea160-fool-lallswing.   SoIstoodinlinewithmygrandmother,andneitherofushadanyideathatthiswasnotanordinaryFerriswheel.Afteralongwaititwasfinallyourturntorideit.Wesatinsideandbegantoriseupandthat'swhenIdiscoveredtheride'sspecialfeature.Istartedwithslow,easyrockingandmygrandmotherbegantofearforherlife.Worryingwewouldfallout,sheaskedmetostop.   注意：续写词数应为150左右。   SinceIwasaverynaughtyboy,Irockeditharder.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   Buttomysurprise,mygrandmaactuallyenjoyedtheterrifyingexperiencewithme.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第14页共14页,答案以及解析第一部分阅读理解第一节A答案：1-3.ACA解析：1.细节理解题。根据"City:Barcelona"中的"Barcelona'sBicyclingProgramdevelopedSpain'sbike-sharingbusinessinabigway."可知,Barcelona'sBicycling项目极大地开发了西班牙的共享单车生意。故选A项。2.细节理解题。根据"City:Paris"中的价格介绍"Price:$38.52peryear/$2.26perday"可知,巴黎的共享单车收费为每天2.26美元。故选C项。3.细节理解题。根据"City:Hangzhou"中的"Residentsandtouristscanputdownadepositof200ChineseYuan(about$29)andrideforanhourforfreeinthissceniccity."以及"City:Paris"中的最后一句中"it'safavouritewithbothlocalsandtourists"可知,HangzhouPublicBicycleSystem和bikesharinginParis都对本地居民和外来游客开放。故选A项。B答案：1-4.ABCD解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段"TheAndeanvillageChinchero...Sweepingviewsofsnow-coveredpeaksrulethehorizon."可知,本段主要描述了位于安第斯山脉中的村庄——Chinchero周围的美丽风景。2.细节理解题。根据第五段的"Thenewairportcouldquadruple(使变为四倍)tourists,to6millionfrom1.5millionayear,whichwouldmeanaburdenof22,000visitorsaday.PresidentVizcarrasupportedtheprojectin2018asawaytogetsupportinsouthernPeru."可知,机场修好后,游客的数量会提髙四倍,为了赢得秘鲁南方的支持,总统同意了修建机场。3.推理判断题。根据第二段的"ThisdoubtfulprojectwoulddamagetheheartlandoftheIncacivilisation...pollutionanduncontrolledurbanisa-tion."和倒数第二段的"Theairport'sconstructioncouldreducethewatershedofLakePiuray...wherefewpeoplelive."可知,在这个地方修建机场,对当地的动植物、印加文明的中心地带以及村庄等都有着消极的影响。4.观点态度题。综合第二段的信息以及最后一段的"Insteadofanotherairport,Perushoulddevelopsustainabletourismandinvestininfrastructuretomaketheseareasmoreaccessible."可知,作者认为秘鲁政府应该发展可持续性旅游业,投资基础设施建设,而不应该在著名的古文化遗址建设机场。故选D项。A项表示"中立的";B项表示"赞成的";C项表示"漠不关心的",这些与文章的整体语气不符。C答案：1-4.DDAB第14页共14页,解析：1.词义猜测题。根据文章第二段开头可知,一件T恤衫的生命周期要经历五个阶段:原材料,生产,运输,使用和处理。原材料的生产阶段又包括播种、灌溉、施肥和收获等。再根据第三句"Whilecottonisanaturalfibre(纤维制品)andnotasharmfultotheenvironmentasmanmadefibres,itstilltakesatollinthematerialandproductionstages."可知,虽然棉花是自然纤维,不像人造纤维一样对环境有害,但它仍然会对原料筹集和生产阶段造成不好的影响。所以D项正确。2.细节理解题。根据第五段中的"However,theaverageAmericanhouseholddoes400loadsoflaundryperyear,usingabout40gallonsofwaterperload."可知,每年一个美国家庭平均要洗400次衣服,每次要用40加仑水,40×400=16,000加仑,所以D项正确。3.推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的"theseprocessesalsouseagreatdealofwaterandenergy.Commercialdyesandbleachesareharmfulpollutantsandcaneventuallypollutegroundwater."可知,生产过程费水费能源。而印染原料和漂白剂是有害的污染物,会最终污染地下水。所以A项正确。4.写作意图题。根据文章及最后一段第一句"Therearealotofthingsyoucandotohelpreduceyourimpact."可知,文章的写作意图是呼吁人们从自身穿衣开始为环保做贡献。D答案：1-4.BCDA解析：1.推理判断题。结合第三段的"Oncefoundinthemillions,asfewas300redsiskinsremaininVenezuela"和后面的内容可知,原先这种鸟有几百万只,但是现在只有300只了;对于这些鸟来说,剩下的时间不多了,除非人类立即采取保护措施。因此这句话说明了保护它们的紧迫性。2.细节理解题。根据第二段的"Theplanistohavefarmersplantorganiccoffeeplantswhicharecoveredwithbranchesthatmakegoodnestingplacesforthebirds."可知,这种有机咖啡植物的树枝可以为这种鸟提供良好的筑巢的地方。3.细节理解题。根据第四段的"Theywillbeabletosetpricesforsuch'highquality'productsthatcanbefivetimeshigherthanlegalpricessetbythegovernment."可知,参与这个保护项目的农民们可既以高价出售他们的咖啡。4.标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一些科学家和委内瑞拉的一些农民们种植一种有机咖啡植物,从而为当地濒临灭绝的红色黄雀提供良好的栖息地,以此来拯救这些珍贵的鸟类。故A项符合主题。第二节答案：①-⑤EAGDF解析：①设空处前一句讲的是通过每天做一些小事就可以减肥，此处承接上文，指出小的变化也能够有大的作用，E项符合语境，其中small为关键词。故选E项。第14页共14页,②设空处为小标题，根据本段内容可知，餐盘的直径会对你吃多少食物产生很大的影响，你的餐盘越大，装的东西就越多，你吃进去的东西也就越多，因此本段主要是建议要用小一点的餐盘，故选A项。③空前一句讲到坐下来吃光一整袋薯片或一整包曲奇饼干是很容易的，下一段建议用食物日记或应用程序来记录摄入的卡路里，因此该空内容应是关于一整袋薯片或一整包曲奇饼干中的卡路里含量的，G项（但是如果你知道它们有多少卡路里，你可能决定改变主意）符合语境，其中的howmanycaloriesareinthem为关键信息。故选G项。④空后的andyoumaybereadingthesignsallwrong说明你可能完全误解了这些迹象，设空处应与误解身体信号方面的问题相关。D项（我们常常把口渴误认为饥饿）符合语境。空后的allwrong和选项中的mistake相呼应。故选D项。⑤根据本段小标题Exercisemore以及段落中的exercise，10-mileruns等可知，本段内容有关锻炼，根据关键词可定位至F项，F项指出锻炼不一定是刻意为之，也可以是有趣的，符合语境。第二部分语言知识运用第一节答案：1-5BADCB6-10BDACC11-15ACBDA解析：1.由前一句中的TheJeepwasfullypacked和下文的setofftowardstheirnewhome可知,大家都拥进车里准备出发,也包括(including)萨姆。故选B项。2.根据后一句中的Alexdroveformiles可知,亚历克斯发动(started)了车的引擎。故选A项。3.由空前一句中的theyneededmoresupplies可知,他们需要一些日用品,所以是在超市那里停(stopped)车了。故选D项。4.根据空前的drivingintotheparkinglot可知,进停车场要寻找(hunt)车位停车。故选C项。5.根据空后的manycars,shoppingcarts,flashinglightsandbusypeople可知,停车场很拥挤(crowded)。故选B项。6.由前一句中的manycars,shoppingcarts,flashinglightsandbusypeople可知,停车场很拥挤,人和车很多,所以萨姆应是觉得被噪音(noise)包围。故选B项。7.根据下一段第一句Alexwasabouttopullinwhenastrangecarsuddenlypulledintotheemptyspot.可知,此处指亚历克斯找到了一个空的(empty)车位。故选D项。8.由上下文可知,司机把车停在了亚历克斯好不容易找到的车位上,然后直接冲向超市,这肯定让亚历克斯一家很生气。故anger符合语境。9.根据后文的Alexcaughttheman可知,亚历克斯追上了那个人,所以他是快速(quickly)下车。故选C项。10.据本段最后一句Theyreturnedtotheparkingspaceand_____theircarssothattheycouldbothparkthere.可知,他们把车都停在空的车位上,所以是分享(share)车位。故选C项。11.由上文可知,两个人要分享车位,第14页共14页,而一个车位上停两辆车应该是需要调整(adjusted)车的位置。故选A项。12.此处为同义复现。根据最后一段的第三句Itmadeastrongimpressiononhim.可知,整件事让萨姆印象深刻(impressed)。impressed和impression为同义复现。故选C项。13.由上下文可知,亚历克斯把车和陌生人的车停在一起后就进超市买东西去了,这说明整件事以和平方式落幕。故peacefully符合语境。14.由上文可知,车位被占后,父亲并没有生气,而是选择和陌生人一起分享车位,说明父亲是慷慨的。故generous符合语境。mean意为"吝啬的";aggressive意为"挑衅的"。15.由上文可知,车位被占,父亲并未生气,而是以和平的方式解决问题,这是一种善意(Kindness)。故选A项。第二节答案：which;that;their;in;topull;using;havetaken;powerful;strength;a解析：①考查关系代词。"withwhichtheycouldkilltheirenemies..."是"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句。②考查强调句型。该句为强调句型,被强调的是时间状语"morethan8,000yearsago"。③考查形容词性物主代词。名词prey前应用形容词性物主代词作定语。④考查介词。inlength是固定表达,意思是"在长度上"。⑤考查不定式的用法。不定式短语"topullthestringofthelongbowallthewayback"作目的状语。⑥考查现在分词的用法。现在分词短语"usingthisbow"作定语,修饰anyone,use与主语anyone之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。⑦考查时态。时间状语"inthepasttwenty-fiveyears"常与现在完成时连用;本句主语为复数名词,故谓语用复数形式。⑧考查形容词。空格处所填单词在句中作表语,故用power的形容词形式。⑨考查名词。空格处所填单词在句中作主语,需用strong的名词形式。⑩考查冠词。此处意思是:它(弓)是人类历史上的一大进步。表示泛指,应用不定冠词;great是以辅音音素开头的单词,故用不定冠词a。第三部分写作第一节答案：DearEditor,   I'mastudentatamiddleschool.I'mwritingtoexpressmygreatconcernfortheenvironmentinmyhometown.Thickforestsandgreengrassusedtobeseen.However,aspeopleherecutdownmanytreestobuildhousesandgrowmorecrops,theforestswereseriouslydestroyed.Besides,becauseofclimatechangesitrainslittlenow.Asaresult,sandstormsoccurfrequently.第14页共14页,Topreventtheprocessofdesertification,allthepeopleshouldtakegoodcareoftheforestsandplantmoretrees.Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.Yours,Lihua第二节答案：      SinceIwasaverynaughtyboy,Irockeditharder.EachtimeIrockedharder,sheaskedmetostop.ButIwashavingtoomuchfunscaringherandswingingaround.SowhatdidIdo?Irockeditashardasmylittlebodycouldmanage.Itgottothepointthatmygrandmotherwasyellingatthetopofhervoice,whilekickingandscreamingatmetostop.Itwassomuchfun.TheridefinishedandIknewIwasgoingtobeintrouble.   Buttomysurprise,mygrandmaactuallyenjoyedtheterrifyingexperiencewithme.Iactuallydidn'tgetintotrouble,butshevowedtoneverrideitwithmeagain.Tothisday,mygrandmaandIstillrecallandlaughaboutourterrifyingSunWheelexperience.She'stoldmethatshealwaysthinksbacktothatmomentwhenshethinksabouthowmuchIhavechangedsincethen,andIalwaysthinkbacktoitasafunexperiencewithherthatIwillneverforget.第14页共14页